Logic Test 2

Chapter 3-4 covers which common topic?

Definition

Why is it important to define terms in an argument?

prevents

miscommunication and confusion.

Dictionary:

basic meaning of a word

Genus:

larger group with shared similarities

Species:

characteristics that make it different from other species in the genus

Etymology:

history or origin of the word

Description:

explains word in greater detail

Example:

one instance to illustrate the word

Synonyms:

words with same or similar meanings

Antonyms:

words with opposite meanings

Procedural/operational definitions:

describes how or list steps the meaning of the word

Thesis Statement:

declarative statement of opinion that can be
proven true or false.

Inductive Leap:

Accepts the conclusion because
the premises are believable and provide ample
proof for the conclusion.

Fallacy:

Commonly recognized bad arguments, Error in reasoning

Premise:

The pieces of evidence or proof you are
giving to support your argument. It leads directly to
the conclusion.

Conclusion:

What you believe or trying to prove.

2 Mistakes that cause fallacies:

vagueness, ambiguity

Vagueness

imprecise, fuzzy, unclear; wide meanings (nice, good, bad)

Ambiguity

several common meanings; unclear which meaning being used (evolution)

2 Fallacies caused by the mistakes of Ambiguity:

amphiboly, equivocation

Amphiboly

vague words used in two different ways of the same argument

Equivocation

word has alternative common meanings (buy, bye) (cool)