Gram Neg Bacilli - RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

What Gram Neg Bacilli genera affects Respiratory System

• Haemophilus

• Legionella

• Bordetella

______________ spp.

• Growth Requirements:

  • Factor X (________) - from ______

  • Factor V (_______) - from _______or _______

HAEMOPHILUS spp.

• Growth Requirements:

  • Factor X (Hematin) - from blood

  • Factor V (NAD) - from yeast extract or Staph. aureus

Haemophilus spp:

• H. influenzae → _______

• H. ducreyi → “_____”

• H. aegypticus → ______

• ________ → H. vaginallis

• H. influenzae → Pfeiffer’s Bacillus

• H. ducreyi → “school of fish”

• H. aegypticus → Kock-Weeks Bacillus

• Garderella Vaginallis → H. vaginallis

What are the virulence factor of H. influenzae

• IgA protease → attach to respiratory epithelium

• Capsule → Type B

What is the most virulent type of capsule for H. influenzae

Type B

Haemophillus influenzae:

• Encapsulates = ______and _______

• Capsulated = _______

Haemophillus influenzae:

• Encapsulates = Meningitis and Acute epiglottitis

• Capsulated = Otitis Media

Type B capsule of H. influenzae is made of _______

polyribitol phosphate

What bacteria demonstrate a satellite phenomenon when streaked in blood agar next to Staph Aureus

Haemophilus Influenzae:

• ^{REMEMBER = Factor V → from yeast or S. aureus}

Medium used for susceptibility testing for H. influenzae

HTM → Haemophilus Test Medium

What bacteria causes Chancroid (SOFT chancre)

H. drucreyi → School of fish

This is the smallest pathogenic bacteria

Haemophilus drucreyi

• _^Chancroid

• _{^{School of fish}}

What bacteria causes Pink Eye Conjunctivitis

Haemophilus aegypticus

• _{^{Koch-Weeks Bacillus}}

• _{^{resembles H. influenzae type 3}}

What bacteria closely resembles H. infleunzae biotype 3

H. aegypticus

• _{^{Koch-Weeks Bacillus}}

• _{^{Pink Eye Conjunctivitis}}

What bacteria is the major cause of bacterial VAGINOSIS, occasionally cause neonatal sepsis or postpartum bacteremia

Gardnerella vaginalis

• _{^{Former Haemophilus vaginalis}}

• _{^{Clue Cells}}

• _^Fishy-amine

What bacteria is associated with Clue Cells (epithelial cells covered with tiny bacilli)

Gardnerella vaginalis

• _{^{Former H. vaginalis}}

• _^Fishy-amine

What is the use of ALA test (Delta-Aminolevunilic Acid)

• For Haemophilus spp.

• Determines requirement X factor (Hematin)

• Needs X = negative

  • _{^{if still dependent with eX → negative behaviour}}

1. What Haemophilus spp requires X & V factor

2. Which are NEGATIVE to ALA test

1. Influenza, Haemolyticus, Aegypticus

2. Influenza, Heamolyticus, Aegypticus, Drucreyi

ALA → _{^{needs X factor = negative ALA}}

The only Beta Hemolytic Haemophilus spp.

• H. haemolyticus

• H. parahaemolyticus

Bacteria associated with airconditioner and water cooling system

LEGIONELLA spp:

• L. pneumophila → pontiac fever

• L. micdadei

• L. bozemanii

What bacteria is associated with Pontiac Fever

Legionella pneumophila

1. This bacteria DOESN’T GROW in ordinary media

2. Enumerate its special media used

1. Legionella pneumophila (_{^{pontiac fever, airconditioner}})

• Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar (BCYE)

• Chocolated Agar

• Freeley-Gorman MEdium

Given that L. pneumophila DOESN’T GROW in ordinary media, what is unique to BCYE medium?

• Buffered Charcoal Yeast Agar (BCYE)

  • L-cystine

  • Ferric Salt

  • Alpha Ketoglutarate

Causes Whooping Cough

Bordetella pertussis

Bordetella pertusis causes “Whooping Cough”, what are the phases of infection?

1. Catarrhal Phase (1-2 weeks) = infectious, susceptible to antibiotic

2. Paroxysmal Phase (2-10 weeks) = antibiotic NOT EFFECTIVE

3. Convalescent Phase

Drop of mercury appearance colony

Bordetella pertussis → whooping cough

BORDETELLA spp.

• B. pertussis = NO

• B. parapertussis = NO

• B. bronchioseptica = ONLY

BORDETELLA spp.

• B. pertussis = NO Urease

• B. parapertussis = NO Oxidase

• B. bronchioseptica = ONLY Motile (peritrichous)

RESPIRATORY GRAM NEG BACILLI:

• Pfeiffer’s Bacillus
  
  

• “School of Fish”, Chancroid
  
  

• Koch-Week, Pink Eye
  
  

• Bacterial Vaginosis, Clue Cells
  
  

• Pontiac Fever
  
  

• Whooping Cough, Drop of Mercury

• Pfeiffer’s Bacillus = H. influenza
  
  

• “School of Fish”, Chancroid = H. ducreyi
  
  

• Koch-Week, Pink Eye = H. aegypticus
  
  

• Bacterial Vaginosis, Clue Cells = Gardenella vaginalis (former H. vaginalis)
  
  

• Pontiac Fever = L. pneumophila
  
  

• Whooping Cough, drop of mercury = B. pertussis

Respiratory Gram Neg Bacillus that is Intracellular and found inside macrophage

Legionella pneumophila