Anatomy Exam 1

Spinal accessory nerve

Trapezius

Dorsal scapular nerve

Levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves innervate

Splenius capitis (middle cervical spinal nerves), splenius cervicis, erector spinae group (C1-S5), semispinalis group

Ventral rami innervate

Serratus posterior superior (T1-T4), serratus posterior inferior (T9-T12)

Axillary nerve innervates

Deltoid (C5, C6), teres minor (C5, C6)

Suprascapular nerve innervates

Supraspinatus (C4, C5, C6), infraspinatus (C5, C6)

Subscapular nerve innervates

Subscapularis (upper and lower, C5, C6, C7), teres major (lower, C5, C6)

Radial nerve innervates

Triceps brachii (C6, C7, C8), brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, supinator, adductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor indicis,

Median nerve innervates

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, radial half of flexor digitorum profundus, opponens pollicis, lumbricals 1,2

Ulnar nerve

Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis brevis, flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi, lumbricals 3,4, opponens digiti, adductor pollicis, palmar interossei, dorsal interossei

Radial artery

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis

Superficial palmar branch of radial artery

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

Interosseous recurrent artery (branch of ulnar artery)

Extensor digiti minimi, supinator,

Posterior interosseous artery (branch of ulnar artery)

Abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor indicis,

Anterior interosseous artery (branch of ulnar artery)

Flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus

Ulnar artery

flexor digitorum profundus, extensor carpi ulnaris, pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, ulnar artery, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digiti minimi brevis, abductor digiti minimi, opponens digiti,

Superficial palmar arterial arch supplies

Lumbricals,

Deep palmar arterial arch supplies

adductor pollicis

Palmar metacarpal arteries supply

palmar interossei, dorsal interossei

dorsal metacarpal arteries

Dorsal interossei

Thoracoacromial artery

Deltoid (deltoid branch), pectoralis major and minor (pectoral branch)

Anterior circumflex humeral artery

Deltoid, coracobrachialis

Posterior circumflex humeral artery

Deltoid

Subscapular artery

Infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis, teres major

Circumflex scapular artery

Infraspinatus, teres minor, teres major

Profunda brachii artery

Triceps brachii

Transverse cervical artery

trapezius

dorsal scapular artery

levator scapulae, rhomboideus minor, rhomboideus major

occipital artery

splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis group

Subcostal arteries

serratus posterior inferior, erector spinae group

impression for the costoclavicular ligament

conoid tubercle

trapezoid line of the clavicle

subclavian groove of clavicle

What ribs does the scapula overlay?

ribs 2-7

scapulohumeral rhythm

3 degrees of movement in total

example: glenohumeral 2 degrees, scapulothoracic 1 degree

supinator crest

supinator fossa

What is the most common fracture of the radius in children?

incomplete or green stick fracture

What is the most common radial fracture in adults and athletes?

usually fractures both bones and dislocation of the nearest joint (either elbow or wrist)

acromioclavicular ligament

What is joint is easily injured in athletics?

acromioclavicular joint

causes a shoulder separation due to the joint capsule and ligamentous support being very weak

(ligament+ its 2 parts)

coracoclavicular ligament (trapezoid and conoid)

sternoclavicular joint accessory ligaments

anterior and posterior ligaments

costoclavicular ligament

interclavicular ligament

costoclavicular ligament

interclavicular ligament

ring of fibrocartilage that helps deepen the glenoid cavity

glenoid labrum

What ligaments make up the glenohumeral joint?

glenohumeral ligaments

coracohumeral ligaments

transverse humeral ligament

What ligament forms a canal for the biceps brachii tendon?

transverse humeral ligament

What does the coracoacromial arch protect against?

superior displacement of the humeral head

What are contents housed within the coracoacromial arch?

supraspinatous tendon

subacromial bursa

coracohumeral ligament

glenohumeral ligament

quadrangular space: axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery

triangular space; circumflex scapular artery

triangular interval (Stuff viewable through)

radial nerve

profunda brachii artery

anconeus

first part of axillary artery

lateral border of first rib to medial border of pec minor

What does the superior thoracic artery supply?

first and second intercostal spaces

subclavius

superior slips of serratus anterior

parts of pectoralis muscles

third part of the axillary artery

lateral border of the pec minor to the inferior border of teres major

What does the acromial branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

AC joint

deltoid muscles

What does the deltoid branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

pectoralis major

deltoid muscles

What does the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

pectoralis muscles

What does the clavicular branch of the thoracoacromial artery supply?

SC joint

subclavius joint

What does the lateral thoracic artery supply?

pectoral muscles

serratus anterior

intercostal muscles

lateral breast tissue

axillary lymph nodes

What does the anterior circumflex humeral artery supply?

humeral head

structures of the shoulder joint

What does the posterior circumflex humeral artery supply?

humeral head

structures of the shoulder joint

basilic vein

cephalic vein

pectoral lymph nodes

subscapular lymph nodes

humeral lymph nodes

central lymph nodes

apical lymph nodes

suprascapular nerve

lateral pectoral nerve

medial pectoral nerve

midshaft fracture of the humerus

potential damage to radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

supracondylar fracture of the humerus

potential damage to brachial artery and median nerve

fracture at humeral surgical neck

potential damage to axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

fracture of medial epicondyle on humerus

potential damage to ulnar nerve and ulnar collateral artery

ulnar notch of radius

What is the most commonly fractured part of the radius?

Colley's fracture

distal portion of the radius gets displaced in the posterior direction

What group of patients are most likely to suffer a Colley's fracture?

women with osteoporosis

scaphoid

lunate

triquetrum

pisiform

trapezium

trapezoid bone

capitate

hamate

proximal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

distal row of carpal bones (lateral to medial)

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

mid carpal joint

common fractures of the carpals

scaphoid fall on palm, takes a long time to heal because of bad blood supply; commonly misdiagnosed as wrist sprain

hamate fall and hit hook that ulnar nerve and artery travel under; causes nerve or blood supply issue

common fractures of the metacarpals

Boxer's fracture metacarpal V fracture/crush injury

Where does the fibrous layer of the elbow joint capsule attach?

humerus, proximal to the fossae

radius and ulna distal to the radial head and coronoid process

radial collateral ligament

anular ligament