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classes of Platyhelminthes
Turbellaria, Trematoda, Monogenea, Cestoda
Turbellaria
free-living flatworms
-no permanent gut cavity
-multiciliated cells
aposematic
warning coloration
parenchyma
solid mass of cells making up the mesoderm
duoglands
paired secretory glands on ventral surface
-one cell secretes glue, another secretes anti-glue
rhabdites
cover the body in thick poisonous mucus
-only in Turbellarians
neoblasts
undifferentiated cells used in regeneration, unique to Turbellarians
first host of digenetic flukes
mollusk
Cestoda
tapeworms (endoparasites)
-no digestive gut
scolex
small anterior hooked attachment organ on head of tapeworm
proglottids
body sections of a tapeworm, arise from scolex through strobilation
definitive host
the host in which the sexual reproduction of a parasite takes place
Monogenea
single host
-ectoparasites on skin or gills of fish and frogs
prohaptor
anterior sucker with complex attachment hood of a monogenetic trematode.
flukes
two intermediate hosts - digenetic
sporocyst
contains several embryos or germ balls
Phylum Nemertea
crossover group from Platyhelminthes to Mollusks
-dominant consumers in marine systems
-proboscis
-lack segmentation
-toxic mucus
rhyncocoel
hollow pouch that holds the proboscis
similarities between nemerteans and platyhelminthes
-small, flat predators with permeable body surface
-regenerators
-ciliated externally, mucus for locomotion
-ocelli and statocysts
-waves of muscle contraction to move
-protonephridial system
-serially repeating gonads
-hermaphrodites
differences between nemerteans and platyhelminthes
-presence of coela
-flow through gut
-serially arranged gonads
-proboscis with stylet
Gnathifera
rotifers, acanthocephalons
-all possess pharyngeal jaws
-do not molt
