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The chapter is divided into 4 parts 1) Shariah, Maqasid Shariah, Fiqh Knowledge 2) Fiqh Ibadah 3) Fiqh Munakahah 4) Fiqh Jinayah Fiqh Muamalat will not be covered Some of Fiqh Ibadah will not be covered ---> Hajj / Zakat / Fasting
What does shariah means rhetorically? (linguistically)
Straight Path
It is also interpreted as a religious teaching (_____) by some scholars
Manhaj
What does ‘aqidah’ means?
Faith
Rabbaniah means?
Revelation from Allah
Syumuliah means?
Comprehensive
Thabat Wa Murunah means?
Permanent and Change
‘Alamiah means?
Universal
Waqi’iyyah means?
Realistic and Practical
“It is free from all weaknesses such as injustice and oppression”
“ As His servants, we have no right to dispute on Shariah matters except to obey what Allah has determined”
Which one of Features of Shariah does this belong to?
Rabbaniah
“The knowledge and teachings of Islam are very broad and cover all matters of human life.”
“Islam is a way of life.”
“It covers everything from the smallest issues to the bigger ones”
Which one of Features of Shariah does this belong to?
Syumuliah
“The evidence (dalil) is fixed but the interpretation is variable as long as within the Islamic discipline”
“Therefore, the principle in these sources remains the same, but the branches of knowledge (furu’iyyat) are always variable and flexible”
Which of the Features of Shariah does this belong to?
Thabat Wa Murunah
“Islamic Sharia naturally transcends boundaries of color, race, and geography. It has never been irrelevant and has always been suitable for use in human life forever.”
“It has never been irrelevant and has always been suitable for use in human life forever.”
Which of the Features of Shariah does this belong to?
‘Alamiah
“When Islam came to the people of Arab, almost all nonsense deeds and practices were replaced by better value and attitude.”
“The development of Islamic civilization also stems from the acceptance of non-Muslims to its teachings which are practical in nature”
Which of Features of Shariah does this belong to?
Waqi’iyyah
Objective of Shariah, translate into Arabic?
Maqasid Shariah
“Generally, it is explained by the scholars of usul fiqh as the meaning and purpose required by syara‘in prescribing a law to ensure the welfare of mandkind.”
What does it refer to?
Maqasid Shariah
What are 3 stages of Maqasid Shariah?. Find the one that’s orderly correct.
Daruriyah —→ Hajiah —→ Tahsiniyah
“Protection of Necessities”.
Which of Maqasid Shariah does this belong?
Daruriyah
“1. Preservation of the religion of faith”
“ 2. Preservation of life or self “
“3. Preservation of the mind or intellect “
“4. Preservation of the progeny/dignity “
“5. Preservation of property”
Who formulated this primary purposes of Shariah?
Imam Shatibi
“Take care of the needs towards a better life and provide convenience in case of difficulties”
Which of Maqasid Shariah does this belong?
Hajiyah
“Stand for Provision for Betterment in life.”
“It is improving the quality of human life, human conduct and morals”
Which of Maqasid Shariah does this belong?
Tahsiniyah
“In terms of language, al-fiqh (الفقه (is defined as al-fahmu (الفهم) which means?”
Understanding
“Anyone who was knowledgeable in matters of religion, was called ____”
Faqih
Fard, Mandub, _____, Makruh, Haram.
Fill the blanks
Mubah
5 Laws of Fiqh
“An obligatory act, with failure to perform it being sinful.”
Wajib
5 Laws of Fiqh
“Actions that are not required by law but are considered to be meritorious and will be rewarded.”
Sunnah
5 Laws of Fiqh
"Translated as permitted. The acts where it is left up to the liable person whether or not to perform them.”
Mubah
5 Laws of Fiqh
“A disliked or offensive act. The action which is done will not get sin and those who leave the action will get a reward”
Makruh
5 Laws of Fiqh
“Meaning forbidden or unlawful. The act that cause a sin”
Haram
WAJIB @ FARD is Divided into 4 classifiations:
1. Based on the Subject Who are Required to Perform
2. Based on the Time Available for Performance
3. _________________
4. Based on the Identification of the Object of the Required (Action)
Based on the Amount of the Required Act
Wajib - Subject Who are Required to Perform
“demand for each individual to perform an act according to ability”
Example of Wajib ‘Ayni?
pilgrimage
Wajib - Subject Who are Required to Perform
“_____ means the demand for each individual to perform an act according to ability such as prayer, fasting and pilgrimage”
Fill in the blank
Wajib ‘Ayni
Wajib - Subject Who are Required to Perform
“an act that is obligatory on a society. If someone in the community commits such an act, the rest will not be as responsible”
Example of Wajib kifai?
Studying in Engineering
Wajib - Subject Who are Required to Perform
“_____ means an act that is obligatory on a society. If someone in the community commits such an act, the rest will not be as responsible such as burying a corpse”
Fill in the blanks
Wajib Kifai
Wajib - Time Available for Performance
“_____ means an act that is not set a definite time for its implementation. For example, the obligation to pay kaffarah due to not fasting in the month of Ramadan”
Wajib Mutlaq
Wajib - Time Available for Performance
“means an act that is not set a definite time for its implementation”
Examples of Wajib Mutlaq
Pay Kaffarah due to not fasting in the last month of Ramadan
Wajib - Time Available for Performance
“_____ means an obligatory act that has been set at a certain time that has a beginning and an end such as the Subuh prayer which starts from the rising of fajr until a sunrise”
Wajib Muqayyad
Wajib - Time Available for Performance
“an obligatory act that has been set at a certain time that has a beginning and an end”
Example of Wajib Muqayyad?
Fardu Prayer Time
Wajib - Extent of the Required Act (Amount)
“ _____ means an act whose amount or extent has been determined like the five time daily prayer and the 2.5% amount of zakah from the wealth.”
Wajib Muhaddad
Wajib - Extent of the Required Act (Amount)
“means an act whose amount or extent has been determined”
Example of Wajib Muhaddad?
Five Time Prayers
Wajib - Extent of the Required Act (Amount)
“_____ means an act whose any amount has not been fixed like spending or charity in the way of Allah and the nafaqah that should be given to the wife or children.”
Wajib Ghair Muhaddad
Wajib - Extent of the Required Act (Amount)
“an act whose any amount has not been fixed”
Examples?
Nafaqah
Wajib - Identification of the Object of the Required (Action)
“_____ is the act that is required specifically, there is no choice in it with respect to the act to be performed. Example like prayer”
Wajib Muayyan
Wajib - Identification of the Object of the Required (Action)
“is the act that is required specifically, there is no choice in it with respect to the act to be performed”
Examples?
Solat Jenazah
Wajib - Identification of the Object of the Required (Action)
“_____ is act which is not specific but have some of several determined acts, like the punishment (kaffarah) for breaking the oath, the person must feed to 10 of needy people, or freeing a slave. There is an optional to perform any of them”
Wajib Mukhayyar
Wajib - Identification of the Object of the Required (Action)
“is act which is not specific but have some of several determined acts,”
Example?
Kaffarah for Breaking the Oath
Mandub has 3 categories.
1) Sunnah Mu’akkadah
2) Sunnah Ghayr Mu’akkadah
3) Sunnah _____
Zawa’id
Example of Sunnah Muakkadah?
Congregational Prayers
Example of Sunnah Ghayr Mu’akkadah?
Perform a prayer before Asar and Isya’
Example of Sunnah Zawa’id?
Cutting Nail Method
Which one is rarely abandoned by Rasulullah?
Sunnah Mu’akkadah
“Sunnah _____ is the act of the prophet pertaining to ordinary daily task as a human being, like his dress, food and drink as well as his dealings with his family members.”
Zawa’id
Makruh Tahriman in simple terms?
Close to Haram
Mahruh Tanzihan in simple terms?
Makruh By Itself
Example of Makruh ‘Close to Haram’?
Marrying someone who is infected with HIV.
Example of Makruh by Itself?
Eating @ Drinking while standing
“Makruh by itself. The nature of the decree determined by Allah and His Messenger on several occasions”
Makruh Tanzihan
Division of Haram are two groups:
1) Haram li Zatihi
2) Haram li Ghairi
What is the meaning of Haram li Zatihi?
Prohibition by Itself
Division of Haram are two groups:
1) Haram li Zatihi
2) Haram li Ghairihi
What is the meaning of Haram li Ghairihi?
Prohibition by External Factor
Haram —→ prohibition by itself
1) the act that is prohibited for itself is one that was declared prohibited by itself right from the start.
2) The prohibition of the item is determined by evidence from the Quran and Sunnah.
Haram li Zatihi
Haram —→ prohibition by external factors
1) It is not prohibited initially, and was legal by itself, but an external factor emerged and led to its prohibition
Haram Li Ghairihi
Examples of Haram li Zatihi?
Drinking Wine
Examples of Haram Li Ghairihi?
Eating Stolen Chicken
Islamic Fiqh Knowledge has 4 categories..
1) Fiqh Ibadah
2) Fiqh Muamalah
3) Fiqh Jinayah
4) Fiqh Munakahah
Which one will NOT be asked in the Exam (September 2023 exam)?
Fiqh Muamalah
Islamic Fiqh Knowledge
“The devotion and worship of a Muslim to Allah which is done in humility to God and with sincere intention according to the ways prescribed by the religion”
Which of the 4 Corners of Fiqh does this belong to?
Fiqh Ibadah
Islamic Fiqh Knowledge
“A marriage law or contract that legalizes intercourse between a man and a woman who are not his mahram to obtain marital happiness and resolve disputes that may occur between spouses as well as the existence of the basis of marriage prescribed by religion”
Which of the 4 Corners of Fiqh does this belong to?
Fiqh Munakahah
Islamic Fiqh Knowledge
“An acts or crime that are prohibited by religion and can result in punishment in order to protect property and human rights.”
Which of the 4 Corners of Fiqh does this belong to?
Fiqh Jinayah
Note 
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