environmental science

Soil

is the top layer of the Earth’s surface where plants grow. It’s a natural mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, air, and living organisms.

Geologists

Study the earths strength , composition and history

Horzions

Organic

Surface

Subsoil

Substratum

Bedrock

Civil engineering

Focuses on the physical characteristics of the soil in relation to the construction

Ecologists

The interaction between livings things and their environment ecosystems could be on land or water

What is the foundation for ecologists

Soil

What is the foundation for aquatic system

Water

Agricultural scientists

Study interaction between plants soils , livestock and their environment

agroecosystem

• Studying farming systems as ecosystems—how plants, animals, soil, water, and humans interact.

Functions of soil ?

Anchoring plants

Supplying air to roots

Supplying water and nutrients

Hydroponics

Growing of plants in water

Aeroponics

Is the growing of plants suspended in air by applying mist

What are plants products used for

Food , feed , clothing and biofuels

What is agriculture main focus

Plants and animal production in sustainable manner

Who is Thomas Malthus and what did he do ?

Wrote on the principle the green revolution (1960) and founder of it as a father and saved billion of lives

What was the green revolution

Initiates to transfer agricultural technologies to developing countries, including high yielding and disease resistant semi dwarf wheat

Biodiversity or biological diversity

The variety of live in world , a specific habitat , or a geographical location

Ecosystem service

Benefit humans gain from ecosystem biodiversity ( food , feed , clean air , water and medicinal )

what is it called when you need to find the grain of a plant weight

Harvest index

what is soil composed for

inorganic minerals and organic compounds

inorganic

portion of soil includes soil minerals , air and water

organic compounds

consists of plant and animal residues / mircorganics

what is decompostion plays a part for

organic compound

what does organic and inorganic soil particles form

granules and cpds

what fills the soil pores

water and air

what is oxgen used for

plants roots for respiration

what does water do

it is the soil solution which caused dissolving and when it filles the pores it displace the air

soil provides

habitatl , home for wide variety of microorganisms and animals

what are present for microorganisms

fungi and bacteria

what are the soil animals

worms,insects, earthworms and nematodes

succesful crop

growth and yield depend greatly on these nutrient recycling processes

what are the layers for the crust

crust,mantle and core

crust

earth outermost

mantle

the layer belong crust

core

the innermost layer

what caused the thickness of the crust

the location

what is the conteints of the crust

30 miles thickness

under ocean floor on the crust is about

2 to 3 miles on thick

what elements crust have

al,fe , ca , na , k and Mg

crust have 74% of what

oxygen and silicon

what is the negative charge oxygen

o2- anion

what is the postive charge oxygen

silicon s4+

rocks

are naturally occurring solid aggregate's of minerals