BJU Biology Chapter 11 Test Review

Protozoan

first animals, organisms in this group are considered the most animal-like

Motile

able to move from place to place

Eyespot

detect light intensity

Cyst

protozoans form this during times of harsh environmental conditions

Sarcodina

What phylum is characterized by their lack of a standard body shape?

Amoeba

Give an example of a sarcondine

Contractile vacuole

collect and eliminate water, regulating homeostasis between the amoeba and its environment

Psuedopodium

How do amoeba move?

Taxes

responses to a variety of stimuli, generally by a change in the speed or direction of movement

Binary fission

How do amoeba reproduce?

Ciliophara

this phyla is distinguished by the possession of multiple hairlike projections

Paramecium

Give an example of a Ciliate

Pellicle

firm, yet flexible, protein rich covering that is outside the cell membrane

Macronucleus

functions in copying of genetic material and controls metabolism

Micronucleus

functions during the exchange of genetic information during sexual reproduction

Avoidance reaction

What taxes do paramecium have?

Conjugation and binary fission

How do paramecium reproduce?

Sporozoa

This phylum is unique because of its lack of structures for locomotion

Plasmodium

What causes malaria?

Zooflagellates

this protozoan phylum moves by the means of flagellum

Algae

grass of many waters

Seaweed

the larger multicellular organisms of alga

Zooplankton

tiny floating animals or protozoans

Phytoplankton

tiny floating photosynthetic organisms, predominately algae; the primary food-producing organisms in aquatic environments

Aquaculture

the farming of ponds, lakes, and the sea

Thallus

the basic unit of an alga

Holdfasts

anchor themselves to a submerged object

Sessile

algae that grow attached to something

Zoospore

a spore capable of moving on its own

zygospore

the stage where a diploid zygote forms a thick, protective covering and enters resting

Isogametes

specialized gamete cells that are not obviously different from one another

Fragmentation

physical breaking of an algal colony

Euglenoid movement & Flagellum

The 2 forms of movement in an euglena

Euglenophyta

What phylum do euglenoids belong to?

Chlorophyta

the largest algal phyla; contains green algae

Pyrenoid

functions in making starch

Bacillariophyta

what phylum do diatoms belong in?

True

True/False: Diatoms are abundant in both marine and freshwater environments

Diatomaceous earth

a crumbly substance made of diatom shells

Algin

a gelatinous coating found on many brown algae, serves as a thickener in commercially produced ice cream and other foods

Dinoflagellate algal blooms

What causes red tide?

Phycobilins

How do red tide get its red pigment?

Agar

a gelatinous substance used in growing bacteria

Chrysophyta

the golden algae belong in what phyla?

Phaeophyta

The brown algae belong in what phyla?

Rhodophyta

the red algae belong in what phyla?

Dinoflagellata

the dinoflagellates belong in what phyla?

Flagellum

How do dinoflagellates move?

Chloroplasts

The name Spirogyra comes from what spiral shaped part of the algae?

Water molds

often seen on dead fish or other floating dead organic matter, and they appear as a branching filamentous growth of cells

Sporangia

produce flagellated zoospores that swim away in search of food

Blight

a disease of plants that causes rapid destruction of the leaves and stems, resulting in the death of the plant

Slime molds

live in cool, moist environments that are rich in organic matter; woods or compost pile

True

True/False: Slime molds are characterized by their unusual two-phased life cycle

Fruiting bodies

the second phase of slime molds in which fungus like structures are formed which produce spores

Cellular slime molds & Plasmodial slime molds

Give 2 types of slime molds