General Anatomy and Radiographic Positioning Terminology ch 2 rad 152

The term applied to the science of the structure of the body

˜Anatomy

the study of the function of the body organs

˜Physiology

The detailed study of the body of knowledge relating to the bones of the body

˜Osteology

the four fundemental planes

ØSagittal

ØCoronal

ØHorizontal

ØOblique

what does sagittal planes pass

vertically Front and back

what does sagittal planes divide

into right and left segments

is a specific sagittal plane that passes through midline and divides the body into equal right and left halves

Midsagittal plane

˜planes pass crosswise through the body or body part at right angles to the longitudinal axis

Horizontal planes

were should you postition Horizontal planes

ØPositioned at right angle to sagittal and coronal planes

Horizontal plane divides the body into

into superior and inferior portions

Horizontal plan is also called

transverse, axial, or cross-sectional planes

pass through a body part at any angle between the previous three planes ans is at a 45 degree

Oblique planes

Oblique Planes are used

are used in radiographic positioning to center a body part to the IR or CR

˜transects the body at the pelvis at the top of the iliac crests (level of L4)

Interiliac plane

formed by the biting surfaces of the upper and lower teeth with jaws closed

Occlusal plane

what are the two great cavity

Thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity

thoracic cavity contains

• ØPleural membranes

  ØLungs

  ØTrachea

  ØEsophagus

  ØPericardium

  ØHeart and great vessels

Abdominal cavity contains

ØPeritoneum

ØLiver

ØGallbladder

ØPancreas

ØSpleen

ØStomach

ØIntestines

ØKidneys

ØUreters

ØMajor blood vessels

Pelvic cavity contains

ØRectum

ØUrinary bladder

ØPart of the reproductive system

the division of abdomen is bordered

• superiorly by diaphragm

• bordered inferiorly by superior pelvic apeture(pelvic inlet)

Abdomen is divided in two method

• Quadrants

• Regions

what are the four quadrants of abdomen

˜Four quadrants

ØRight upper quadrant (RUQ)

ØRight lower quadrant (RLQ)

ØLeft upper quadrant (LUQ)

ØLeft lower quadrant (LLQ)

why are quadrants useful

for describing the location of various abdominal organs

Abdomen divided into

˜into nine regions by four planes, two horizontal and two vertical

what are the superior regions

ØRight hypochondrium

ØEpigastrium

ØLeft hypochondrium

what are the middle region of the abdomen

ØRight lateral

ØUmbilical

ØLeft lateral

what are inferior regions of abdomen

ØRight inguinal

ØHypogastrium

ØLeft inguinal