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sound, sense, sight
Elements of Poetry
persona
refers to the voice a writer creates to tell a story to define the speaker in a poem.
rhyme
Words that end with similar sounds. Usually at the end of a line of the poem.
rhyming
Two lines of a poem together with the same rhythm.
rhythm
A pattern created with sounds: hard - soft, long - short, bouncy, quiet - loud, weak - strong.
cadence
a rhythmic change in the inflection of sounds from words being spoken. Sometimes referred to as the flow of words
rhyming scheme
The pattern of arrangement of the rhymes in a poem.
diction
The selection of specific words
meaning
The physical and grammatical arrangement of words, or the use of figurative language enhanced by recalling memories of related experiences in the reader or listener or words combined in a mixture that communicates both a literal and suggested meaning. (denotation and connotation)
denotation
the dictionary and literal meaning of a word
connotation
the emotional or feeling behind the word
story
a narrative or a story in a verse
tone
The atmosphere in the poem. It is the attitude of the writer to the subject matter of the work
theme
Overall central theme or idea within where one can extract valuable lessons to learn or embrace.
images/imagery
The mental pictures the poet creates through descriptive language.
verse
A line of a poem, or a group of lines within a long poem.
form
The arrangement of words, lines, verses, rhymes, and other features
stanza
group of lines in a poem.
meter
a rhythm that continuously repeats a single basic pattern.
couplet
a part of a poem with similar rhythm and rhyme that will usually repeat later in the poem.
John C. Maxwell
“Life is a matter of choices, and every choice you make makes you.”
Graham Brown
“Life is about choices. Some we regret, some we’re proud of, some will haunt us forever. The message: We are what we chose to be.”
Robert Frost
“The Road Not Taken”
Oglala Lakota
“Colour”
Jose Garcia Villa
“First a Poem Must Be Magical”
Saju Abraham
“A Corner In My Soul”
Saju Abraham
“A Prayer From The Womb”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
“The Rhodora”
David L. Weatherhood
“Slow Dance”
2001
the year ____ marked the beginning of the 21st century.
200 - 2100
21st century started from ____ and will end at _____
McEwan
“To be someone other than yourself is at the core of humanity, the essence of compassion, and it is the beginning of morality.”
speculative fiction
highlights imagination. An example is simon’s replica
graphic novel
manga, comics, manhwa, manhua
doodle fiction
comics (illustration without words)
16-25 years old
young adult
10-15 years old
teen fiction
postmodernism
philosophical postmodern perspective, skeptical (doubtful, confuse)
follow s the concept of Ideology
ideology
the meaning of the words is to be determined by the readers not the authors
transrealism
rejects artificial construction of meaning
kinaray-a
The mother language of West Visayas and thus, of Hiligaynon literature is
kinaray-a
was the language of the 10 datus from Borneo
hiligaynon and aklanon
Two major languages of the West Visayas,
poem
Binalaybay
riddle
Paktakon
proverb
Hurubaton
lullaby
ili-ili
love song
Balitaw
long song
Ambahan
tale
Asoy
poetic duel
Siday
“Labaw Donggon” “Hinilawod”
Prominent Panay epics
composo
a ballad sung as a tribute to a folk hero or a milestone event in a community.
bordon
was commonly played during vigils for the dead, wherein the loser of this popular game would then have to recite a quatrain called the “Luwa”
flores de mayo
a devotional prayer sung to the Virgin Mary during the month of May
pagdayaw
In honor of saints during feast celebrations, poets perform an ode called
Mariano Perfecto
Bicolano by birth
Established the “imprenta La Panayana” in Iloilo City around the 1800s
Responsible for the publishing of the widely popular “Alamanake Panayanhon” which contained “passion” novenas, and works by early Hiligaynon writers.
zarzuela, moro-moro, corrido
The Hiligaynon tradition came to include the
rodrigo de villas
A play called _______ was the most popular corrido from West Visayas during this time.
golden age of hiligaynon literature
The arrival of the Americans ushered in a ____
Delfin Gumban
Flavio Zaragoza Cano
Santiago Alv. Mulatom
Serapion Torre
Exemplary Poets
Angel Magahum
Ramon L. Musones
Magdalena Jalandoni
notable novelists
Jose Ma. Ingalla
Jose Ma. Nava
Miguela Montelibano
Prominent Playwrights:
Rosendo Mejica
Augurio Abeto
Abe Gonzales
Excellent Essayists:
Rosendo Mejica
responsible for the establishment of Makinaugalingon Press in Iloilo City
liwayway publications
came up with “Hiligaynon” magazine, which allowed the Hiligaynon voice to be heard in the nation’s capital and beyond.
yuhum magazine
La Defensa Press
kasanag
Disolo Publications
Jose E. Yap and Conrado Norado
Novelists like ____ and ____ kept Hiligaynon fiction strong.
Palanca Awards
In 1997, ____ began to recognize exemplary Hiligaynon short stories
Genevieve L. Asenjo
“Nagkakanta Ako Kang Paglaum”
asia
the Largest Continent on the planet
china
Has the most dominant literature
Influenced the Japanese and Korean Literature
One of the world’s cradles of civilization
mesopotamia
where the civilization started
hinduism, buddhism, taoism, confucianism
china’s beliefs
3,000 years
The chinese language was preserved for over ________
Mandarin
was there first language
china
Has had an unbroken literary tradition that started back in the 14th century BCE
Tang Dynasty
the finest literature in 618-907
masters of literature, popular literature of classics, textbooks of literature papers, journals of literature
Four sections of Chinese Literature
culture, philosophy, history
the theme of chinese literature
pre-classical period
influenced by oral traditions of different social and professional provenance
classical period
Confucius or Kung Fu-Tzu became prominent, writer, philosopher, and a teacher
modern literature
late Qing was a period of intellectual ferment sparked by sense of national crisis
japan
Evidently influenced by Chinese language and Chinese literature
haiku
was the world-renowned poetic genre
simple yet complex, imperfect yet abounding with beauty
Cultural identity:
kabuki
most prominent theater play in Japan
ka
song
bu
dance
ki
skill
kabuki
Where pantomime started
haiku
has a syllabic pattern of 5-7-5 in which words are kept simple that deals with themes about nature
Japanese’ way to cope up from the suicide thoughts and suicidal cases in Japan is to make and create ____
tanka
has five syllabic units consisting 5-7-5-7-7 pattern
tanaga
in the Philippines, we have
noh, kabuki, jouri
Three Types of Drama
chikamatsu monzaemon
Japan’s Shakespeare
jippensha ikku
Japan’s Mark Twain
mangaka
artist who makes Manga
korea
China’s cultural dominance in the region became even more evident when Korean poets wrote poetry in Chinese as early as the 4th Century CE
Note 
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