Med term 6

Sternocleidomastoid

Anterior; Rotates and laterally flexes neck

Trapezius

Anterior and posterior; Draws head back and to side, Rotates scapula

Deltoid

Anterior and posterior; Raises and rotates arm

Rectus femoris

Anterior; Extends leg and assists in thigh flexion

Sartorius

Anterior; Flexes and rotates the leg and thigh

Tibialis Anterior

Anterior; Dorsiflexes foot

Pectoralis major

Anterior; Flexes, adducts and rotates arm

Biceps brachii

Flexes arm and forearm and supinates forearm

External obliques

Anterior; contracts abdomen and viscera

Rectus abdominis

Anterior; compresses or flattens abdomen

Gastronemius

Anterior and posterior; Plantar flexes foot and flexes knees

Soleus

Anterior; Plantar flexes foor

Triceps

Posterior; extends forearm

Latissimus dorsi

Posterior; adducts, extends, and rotates arm

Gluteus medius

Posterior; abducts and rotates thigh

Gluteus maximus

Posterior; extends and rotates thigh

Biceps femoris

Posterior; flexes knee and rotates it outward

Semitendinosus/ Semimembranosus

Posterior; Flexes and rotates leg, extends thigh

Achilles tendon

Posterior; Plantar flexion and extension of ankle

Tonicity

Partial contraction of skeletal muscles to maintain posture

Agon/o

Agony, a contest

Amputat/o

To cut through

Brach/i, Brachi/o

Arm

Cleid/o

Clavicle

Dactyl/o

Finger or toe

Dermat/o

Skin

Duct/o

To lead

Fasci/o

A band

Fibr/o

Fiber

Is/o

Equal

Mast/o

Mastoid process

Metr/o

To measure

Muscul/o

Muscle

My/o

Muscle

Neur/o

Nerve

Path/o

Disease

Prosth/e

An addition

Rhabd/o

Rod

Rheumat/o

discharge

Rotat/o

To turn

Sarc/o

Flesh

Scler/o

Hardening

Stern/o

Sternum

Synov/o

Synovial

Ten/o

Tendon

Therm/o

Hot, heat

Ton/o

Tone, tension

Tors/o

Twisted

Tort/i

twisted

Tract/o

To draw

Troph/o

Nourishment, development

Volunt/o

Will

Collis

Neck

Gravis

Grave

Levat

Lifter

Log

Study

Relaxat

To loosen

Sert

To gain

Spastic

Convulsive

Abductor

Away from middle

Adductor

To bring toward middle

Amputation

Process of cutting through

Antagonist

Agent used against agonist

Aponeurosis

A strong, flat sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or as fascia to bind muscles together or to other tissues at their origin or insertion

Ataxia

Lack of order

Atonic

Lack of tone or tension

Atrophy

Lack of nourishment

Biceps

Two heads

Brachialgia

Arm pain

Bradykinesia

Slow motion

Contraction

Process of drawing-up and thickening of a muscle fiber

Contracture

A fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint. With a muscular contracture, a muscle shortens and renders the muscle resistant to the normal stretching process.

Dactylospasm

Spasm of the finger or toe

Dertmatomyositis

Inflammation of muscle and skin

Diaphragm

The muscle and membranes that separates the chest and abdominal cavity

Diathermy

Pertaining to through heat

Dystonia

Condition of difficult tension

Dystrophy

Difficult nourishment

Fascia

Condition of a band

Fasciitis

Inflammation of a band

fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)

Disorder that affects the muscles and soft tissue; symptoms include chronic muscle pain (myalgia), fatigue, sleep disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, depression, and chronic headaches. Although the exact cause is still unknown, fibromyalgia is often traced to an injury or physical or emotional trauma.

Fibromyitis

Inflammation of the muscle fiber

First Aid Treatment—RICE

Rest

Ice

Compression

Elevation

Flaccid

Lacking muscle tone

Hydrotherapy

Water treatment

Insertion

Process to gain into

Intramuscular

Pertaining to within the muscle

Isometric

Pertaining to equal measure

Isotonic

Pertaining to equal tone

Levator

Lifter

Muscular dystrophy (MD)

Refers to a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal or voluntary muscles that control movement. The muscles of the heart and some other involuntary muscles are also affected in some forms of MD, and a few forms involve other organs as well.

myasthenia gravis (MG)

Chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body. Its name, which is Latin and Greek in origin, literally means grave muscle weakness. The primary symptom is muscle weakness that increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest.

Myoblast

Immature muscle cell

Myofibroma

Tumor of the muscle fiber

Myograph

Instrument for recording a muscle

Myokinesis

Motion of a muscle

Myoma

Muscle tumor

Myomalacia

Softening of a muscle

Myoparesis

Weakness of a muscle

Myoplasty

Surgical repair of a muscle