Industrialization Review

The Enclosure Movement

Practice of fencing or enclosing common lands into individual holdings

The Agriculture Revolution

When hunting/fishing transformed to farming and using crops

New Inventions

water frame, spinning mule, spinning jenny, reaper, Bessemer process, steam engine, railroad

resources, growing population, strong economy, political stability, 4 factors of production

Factors that contributed to Industrialization

It created jobs for workers, increased the nation's wealth and production of goods

Positive aspects of Industrialization

Long work hours, pay was low, unsafe working conditions, and child labor

Negative aspects of Industrialization

Textile Production

More inventions meant more factories. Cloth was made faster/cheaper and industry shot up

Urbanization

Movement of people from farm land to cities

38-44 years

Life expectancy of average worker in Industrial era

Living/Working conditions in Industrial era

Cities rapidly grew, living conditions were bad, child labor worsened, and diseases spread

Class tensions/attitudes between rich, middle, and poor

There was an increase in the middle class and the people that were left in the working class were struggling

land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship

Factors of Production

Capitalism

An economic system based on private ownership of capital

Utilitarianism

idea that the goal of society should be to bring out happiness for as many people as possible

Communism

a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership

Socialism

A system (government) in which society owns/controls the means of production.

Wealth of Nations

If people are free to trade/do business, the entire country becomes richer.

The Communist Manifesto

Workers should rise up, share everything and end unfair treatment by the rich.

Function of Labor Unions

Helped workers join together to demand better treatment from factory owners.

Collective Bargaining

Negotiations between representatives of labor unions and management to determine pay and acceptable working conditions.

Strikes

refusal to work

Reform Laws

laws formed from labor unions

Role of Slavery in America

Division between North and South (north is industrial and doesn't like slavery where as south is agriculture and uses slave labor)