EDUC 118 Exam 1

Constructivism

Constructivism

Theory in education where individuals construct new knowledge and understandings through experience and social disclosure, integrating new information with prior knowledge.

Post-positivism

Perspective in research acknowledging that theories, hypotheses, and values of the researcher can influence observations, aiming for objectivity.

Quantitative research design

Survey research focuses on numerical data collection methods.

Exploratory Sequential mixed methods

Research design using broad quantitative data initially and exploring participant views later.

Independent Variable

Variable not influenced by other factors in an experiment.

Dependent Variable

Variable that changes based on the manipulation of independent variables.

Mediating Variable

Variable that intervenes in the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Alternative Directional hypothesis

Hypothesis specifying the direction of the tested relationship.

Null hypothesis

Hypothesis stating no significant difference between specific populations.

Human subjects research

Systematic investigation involving human beings as research subjects.

Research approach

Procedure chosen by the researcher to collect, analyze, and interpret data.

World view

Researcher's perspective influencing their research methodology.

Research design

Overall strategy to carry out research, defining a plan to tackle research questions.

Outcome

Result of the action of one or more independent variables.

Predictor

Variable believed to have an association with an outcome variable.

Which of the following is the main focus of constructivism?

• Determining proper research methods 

• Finding the truth

• Cause and effect 

• Participant's views of a situation  

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Post-positivist research?

• Reductionism 

• A set Of logically related steps 

• Belief in multiple Perspectives

• Focus Objective Meanings 

Which if the following Represents a Quantitative research design?

• Narrative research 

• Survey research 

• Ethnography

• Phenomenological research 

Exploratory Sequential mixed methods use broad quantitative data in the initial phase to then explore the views of the participants in the second phase.

• True 

• False

When abstracting a study, you should identify the problem and the purpose of the study for empirical studies. 

• True 

• False 

Identify the independent variable in a quantitative study studying the effects of a GRE preparation course on GRE scores for Black and Latino male and female students.

• Race/Ethnicity

• GRE score

• GRE preparation Course

• sex/gender

Identify the dependent variable in a quantitative study studying the effects of a GRE preparation course on GRE scores for Black and Latino male and female students. 

• race/ethnicity

• GRE score

• GRE preparation course 

• sex/gender

Which suggestion is a useful tip when designing a visual literature map?

• Including citations to provide evidence of major concepts

• Avoid using circles of flowcharts for clarity

• Include at 75 studies

• Focus only on quantitative research articles

 Which variables does the experimenter intentionally use in order to more clearly isolate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables?

• Mediating Variable 

• Intervening Variable 

• Dependent Variable 

• Control Variable

A mediating variable transmits the effects between an independent and dependent variable.

• True 

• False

How is theory used in quantitative research?

• Used for a broad explanation

• Do not employ any explicit theory

• Used for testing a theory

• Used a theoretical lens or perspective

A student wants to examine the role of education in history by looking at required curriculum across different college campuses. Additionally, the student will interview faculty in history departments for their perspective of the curriculum. The student hopes to identify areas of improvement for history departments in higher education. Is this human subjects research?

• Yes 

• No

A priori theoretical perspectives can be used in both qualitative and quantitative studies.

• True 

• False 

Which theoretical perspective would be most appropriate for studying faculty perceptions on
Success between Black and White students?

• Feminist perspectives

• Queer theory 

• Critical race theory 

• Disability theories

Which of the following best describes grounded theory?

• A research approach focused on testing objective theories 

• A methodological framework primary used to investing the question of race, gender, and class

• An iterative and inductive approach to developing theories from qualitative data

• A technique for data collection involving surveys and Experiments 

Which word implies a qualitative approach in a purpose statement?

• Influence 

• Understand 

• Impact 

• Relationship

Which word implies a quantitative approach in a purpose statement?

• Discover 

• Explore 

• Understand 

• Impact 

A purpose Statement appears at the end of the introduction.

• True 

• False 

The deficiencies model of writing an introduction is based on identifying the research problem first.

• True 

• False

Of the following, which one is not the purpose of reviewing studies in an introduction?

• Justify the importance of the problem

• Create distinctions between part studies and the proposed study

• Set the research problem within ongoing dialogue in the literature

• Provide a complete and comprehensive literature review

You should only include “recent literature” in a literature review.

• True

• False 

Which word is an example of an exploratory verb to use in developing qualitative research questions?

• Determine

• Influence 

• Impact

• Discover

Which word is an example of a verb to use in developing quantitative research questions?

• Explore 

• Affect

• Understand

• Discover

Which of the following represents a qualitative research design?

• Case Study

• Survey research 

• Experiment 

1. Find one in-text reference from the following paragraph:

Western societies have seen an increase in violence and antisocial behavior in schools
and communities (Pollack, 1998). Juvenile crime rates have increased four times since
the early 1970s (Cook & Laub, 1997). After the shock of the Columbine school
massacre in the United States and other violent incidents, communities are demanding
interventions to help prevent similar occurrences.

 (Cook & Laub, 1997)

Publicly traded firms will have higher growth rates than privately held firms.

Alternative Directional

There is no difference in growth rates between publicly traded firms and privately held firms.

Null Hypothesis

Growth rates will vary between publicly traded firms and privately held firms.

Alternative non-directional