Independent-Samples t Test

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Independent-Samples t test to aid in exam preparation.

Independent-Samples t test

A statistical method used to compare means from two different groups.

IV (Independent Variable)

A nominal variable with 2 levels that is used to define the groups being compared.

DV (Dependent Variable)

A scale variable that is measured in both groups to determine differences.

Assumptions of t test for Independent Samples

The populations must follow a normal distribution and have equal variances (homogeneity of variance).

Mean difference

The average difference between two group means in a t test.

Null hypothesis (H0)

The hypothesis that states there is no effect or difference; in this context, H0: μ1 = μ2.

Research hypothesis (H1)

The hypothesis that states there is an effect or difference; in this context, H1: μ1 ≠ μ2.

Effect size (Cohen's d)

A measure of the strength of the relationship between two variables, indicating the size of the difference relative to standard deviations.

Homogeneity of variance

An assumption that the variance among the groups being compared is equal.

Standard deviation of differences (sdiff)

The standard deviation of the distribution of the differences between group means, used in calculating the t statistic.

t statistic

A ratio of the difference between the group means to the standard error of the mean difference.