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Assumption of classical conditioning
the human being is an automaton and acts in a monotonous, routine manner without active intelligence.
Deindividuation
A process by which individuals feel they cannot be identified, primarily because they are disguised or are subsumed within a group
Akors Differential association reinforcement theory
people learn to commit deviant acts through interpersonal interactions with their social environment
Fundamental attribution error
tendency to underestimate the importance of situational
According to Berkowitz, in order for frustration to occur, the person must what?
Hope for goal attainment
Southerlands differential association theory
criminal behavior is primarily due to obtaining values or messages from others, including but not limited to those who engage in crime
Crimes of obedience
·legal acts that are committed under the order of someone in authority
Situationism
environmental stimuli controls behavior
What is the conclusion of zimbardos Stanford prison experiment?
human will conform to social roles others expect them to play
Positive reinforcement
gaining something; reward
Berkowits two criminal personality classifications
Socialized offender and individual offender
Primary goal of hostile aggression
make victim suffer
who proposed frustration aggression hypothesis?
Berkowitz
self-serving bias
tendency to attribute positive things that happen to us to our own abilities and personalities and to attribute negative events to an outside cause and beyond our control
how do violent youth typically define problems?
hostile ways, adopt hostile goals, seek less confirmatory information, generate fewer alternative solutions, anticipate fewer consequences for aggressive solutions, and choose less effective solutions
overt aggression has a high level of what?
violence
Behaviorism is to environmental stimuli as social learning is to what?
social stimuli
Moral disengagement declines with age which is also associated with a decline in what?
deindividuation
What is appropriate modeling?
purposely changing a behavior in order to improve your mindset and achieve your goals
What is the contingent affect?
copying stuff from the media
Reactive aggression
aggression in response to frustration of perceived threat or provocation
Hostile attribution bias
youth and adults are prone towards violence are more likely to interpret ambiguous actions as hostile and threatening than their less aggressive counterparts
What type of behavior patterns are part of the cognitive scripts model?
aggression in everyday routine
Are cognitive scripts resistant to change?
yes
What are the three categories of the I3 theory?
instigating triggers, impelling forces, inhibiting forces
Rumination
The focused attention on one’s own thoughts and feelings that, if excessive, can lead to aggression against others
What is evolutionary psychology
study of the evolution of behavior using principles of natural selection
Territoriality
The tendency to attack violators of one’s personal space
High levels of arousal have what impact on aggressive behavior?
negative
What was skinners most effective way to eliminate behavior?
eliminate environmental stimuli
Who was the father of behaviorism?
Watson
Punishment
an event when a person receives painful stimuli as a consequence of behavior
Is aggressive behavior always criminal?
no
Hostile attribution bias is more common in boys or girls?
boys
Is all violent behavior aggressive behavior?
yes
Is bullying an example of reactive aggression?
yes
What is another name for contagion effect?
copy cat
Do extremely high levels of arousal mitigate aggressive behavior?
yes
In order to fully understand criminal behavior, its important to regard all individuals as what type of participate?
active
Self serving bias
A tendency to attribute positive things that happen to us to our abilities and personalities, and to attribute negative events to some cause outside ourselves or beyond our control
