TEACHING APPROACHES/ STRATEGIES AND INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES

THE CONCEPTUAL APPROACH

● Choosing and defining the content of a certain discipline to be taught through the use of big or persuasive ideas against the traditional practices of determining content as by isolated topics.

● The emphasis is not on the content per se, but in the big ideas that pervade the subject. It is using the content as a means of leading the learners to discover the laws and principles or generalizations that govern a particular subject.

Subject matter

taught to enable the students to develop concepts which are one’s mental picture of anything.

Conceptual Learning

a meaningful endeavor for students. They can see and realize that bits of information which seem to be isolated can be organized and pieced together like a jigsaw-puzzle around a context in the broader fundamental structure of the field of knowledge.

MULTI-DISCIPLINARY APPROACH

Attempts are made to relate the disciplines, but the identity of each discipline is maintained

INTRA DISCIPLINARY APPROACH

● Involves the organization of social science content using only the disciplines.

● The most common approach to curriculum organization in many colleges, specially colleges of education in universities, is the intra-disciplinary approach.

TEAM TEACHING

● An approach or organizing teaching personnel to improve instruction.

● An approach that involves two or more teachers who work cooperatively with some group of pupils for a period of time.

THE ROLE PLAYING APPROACH

● One of the dramatic ways of presenting learning episodes.

● It is action-filled. Because it consists of an enactment by the students of a learning situation through which the participants depict real-life responses and behavior.

● It is spontaneous acting out of certain problems or situations in a natural setting.

EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

● “Experience is the best teacher”

● Occurrence of personal knowledge and direct experiences are natural parts of learning.

● Experience is the base and serves as the foundation upon which new ideas and patterns of behavior are formulated.

COOPERATIVE LEARNING APPROACH

● Hinged from the principles postulated by John Dewey and Herbert Thelen.

● They developed approaches and strategies as well as procedures to help a relatively small group solve their own problems and at the same time learn and adapt democratic principles as they interact with each other in every learning situation.

Cooperative learning

as an approach is basically a type of classroom organization in which pupils work harmoniously in groups to help each other acquire academic knowledge and information through democratic procedures and practices.

Cooperative learning

according to Schechty (1990), is a technique of putting children in work groups and assuring them that even if they have different backgrounds, different abilities and experiences in working together in productive ways.

Cooperative learning

perceived to raise the academic achievement and encourage learners to help and support peers in their group rather than compete against one another.

Deutsch (1990)

He found out that participants in cooperative learning enjoy the task; display greater motivation; and finish tasks more efficiently than individuals who engage in task which utilizes competition.

PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

● Considered as one of the noble developments in education.

● Basically based on the traditional psychological learning principle of conditioning.

● The word _____ refers to a coordinated group of activities to be performed. This planned learning pattern is presented to the pupils in a sequential manner.

● ______ may have many types, although they are characteristically the same.

● It is simply a teaching approach where materials to be learned are presented step by step.

INQUIRY APPROACH

● Offers promise in directing the learning activities of the students to attain their objectives.

● The______ is often referred to as discovery, problem-solving or scientific thinking.

● Helps the students seek solutions and answers to their own questions by gathering pieces of evidence that are valid and reliable and draw their own generalizations and conclusions.

THE TEACHER ROLE

● The teacher should help and motivate the students to learn how to ask interesting questions.

● The teacher’s own questioning technique will serve as a model or pattern.

● It is also important that the teacher allows certain flexibility in the manner the learners are doing their assigned tasks.

● The teacher should involve the students in planning their own ways of gathering data to test their hypothesis.

● Inquiry teaching extracts tremendous expectations on the teachers ability to plan, execute and sustain the interest of the learning activity.

ROUND TABLE CONFERENCE

● A technique similar to a panel discussion.

● It is usually a small group seated face to face at a round table and has the characteristics of an informal social gathering.

PANEL DISCUSSION

● In a _____, it is important for all participating members to have adequate knowledge of all aspects of the subject for deliberation other than their prepared “speeches”.

● Members are given the opportunity to interact freely.

SYMPOSIUM FORUM

Is a form of meeting or a conference for the discussion of some important subjects, at which several speakers discuss a topic before an audience.

THE WORKSHOP

Is used as a technique of in-service education which involves group planning. It involves the utilization of the group process in identifying, analyzing and solving educational problems and issues.

SYNERGIC

This teaching device is designed to develop a testing learning environment that fosters working together with the spirit of cooperation with a common purpose to share the benefits.

EDUCATIONAL FIELD TRIP

Field studies as a teaching approach is an out-of-the-classroom teaching activity to introduce pupils to an environment which is the most natural and realistic manner. It takes the learners where growth and development abound or a place where natural phenomena occur.

INTEGRATIVE TEACHING

This teaching technique is concerned with the development of a well-rounded personality – an individual who can adjust and respond to any given situation.

Integrative Activities

activity requires careful preparations of the teachers so that the desired objectives will be successful.

THEMATIC TEACHING

Teaching themes organize learning around ideas. It provide a broad framework for linking content and process form a variety of disciplines