BIO1B ZooLab22 Shark ELISA Lab Lecture Notes

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the BIO1B ZooLab22 Shark ELISA Lab lecture.

Biotechnology

Using living organisms or their products for human benefit to make a product or solve a problem.

Applications of Biotechnology

Health care, pharmaceuticals/drug development, detection, agriculture, environment, regulation, molecular biology.

Historical Examples of Biotechnology

Domestication of plants and animals, artificial selection, fermentation, antibiotics, medical ethnobotany.

Modern Examples of Biotechnology

Gene cloning, genetic engineering, gene editing, recombinant DNA technology, Human Genome Project, personalized cancer medicine.

Jobs in Biotechnology

Research and development, operations, quality, clinical research, finance and administration.

Malaria Symptoms

Cycle of fevers & chills, possible anemia, coma, death.

Cause of Malaria

Single-celled eukaryote of the genus Plasmodium

Malaria Transmission

To humans by mosquito bite, penetrates human skin, delivers parasite to bloodstream.

Where is Malaria Found?

Africa, South America, and southern Asia.

Innate Immune System

Surface Barriers and Internal Defenses

Acquired Immune Response

Helper T Cell alerts 2 responses: Humoral Response (B Cells build antibodies) and Cellular Response (Cytotoxic T Cells kill infected/abnormal cells)

Antigens

Factors that cause immune response

Antibodies

Y-shaped proteins of the immune system that bind to a specific antigen.

Sharks

The most ancestral vertebrates that have an adaptive immune system.

Shark Conservation Importance

Top ocean predators that play an important role in the ocean food web but are vulnerable to overfishing due to slow growth and late sexual maturity.

Shark Products

Shark fins for shark fin soup, shark cartilage for medicine.

ELISA

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

Immunoassays

Experimental tests that use antibodies to detect the presence of molecules in biological samples.

Rapid Detection Tests (RDTs)

Rapid detection tests allow people to quickly determine if a compound is present. Some RDT's use ELISA to detect the compound ex: Covid-19 test

Synthetic Library

Collection of human-made antibodies.

Micropipette scales

Micropipettes scales are measured in microliters. Exceeding their upper or lower limits will comprimise their function.

Accurate

The correct volume is delivered.

Precise

There is minimal variation between the volumes delivered.

Steps to perform ELISA

Adding Antigen, adding primary and secondary antibody, washing secondary antibody and adding enzyme substrate

Microplate Reader

Detects the color change produced when target antigen is present

Reading a standard Curve

Build your standard curve with known standards and use to determine values of unknowns