FAGD Anestheisa

What is the basic form of local anesthetic mechanism?

decrease permeability of the na channels

what are the two types of local anesthetic?

amide and esters. esters are more for topicals and more allergenic.

what kind of anesthetic is articaine and what makes it unique?

its an amide but has ester group for blood metabolism. This unique structure allows for faster onset and shorter duration compared to other amides.

why is pka important in anesthetic? which one is neutral?

So the lower the pKa of an anesthetic in theory the quicker the onset. The closer the pKa is to normal tissue pH (7.4), there will be an increased % of base resulting in faster onse

explain pka, lipid solubility, vasoconstritctor activity andprotein binding

bupivacaine is most lipid soluble so its longest duration

what is most common cause for allergy with anesthetic

reaction to PABA

what are signs of systemic toxicity?

in the CVS, it is hypertension and tachycardia

what are common contraindication for local anesthetic?

ester allergy with PABA metabolite or pts with methemlobinemia G6PD deficiency