Child Psychopathology Concepts and Theories

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts, models, sex differences, cultural influences, and the 5 P's framework from PSY 405 Child Psychopathology.

Etiology

The examination of causes, where biological, psychological, and environmental processes combine to influence outcomes over time.

Resilience

The ability to fight off or recover from misfortune, associated with strong self-confidence, coping skills, and avoiding risk situations.

Protective Triad

A framework of protective resources consisting of the strength of the child, the strength of the family, and the strength of the school/community.

Connection

A protective factor defined by at least one reliable, caring relationship.

Competence

A protective factor defined by skills, routines, and achievable success.

Meaning

A protective factor defined by identity, hope, values, and belonging.

Access

A protective factor defined by safe environments and responsive services.

Externalizing Problems

Acting-out behaviors, such as aggression and delinquency, which show higher rates in boys during preschool and early elementary years before converging by age 18.

Internalizing Problems

Difficulties with higher rates in girls, associated with anxiety, depression, withdrawn behavior, somatic complaints, eating disorders, and peak age of onset in adolescence.

Culture

The values, beliefs, and practices that characterize a particular ethnocultural group and influence how children's problems are expressed and responded to.

Race

A concept viewed by most cultural anthropologists as a socially constructed concept rather than a biological one.

Near the Child

A level of influence in child psychopathology encompassing biological processes, emotions, temperament, thoughts, and behaviour.

Around the Child

A level of influence in child psychopathology encompassing family relationships, peers, community, culture, and wider systems.

Biological Influences

Influences on child psychopathology that include genes, brain development, and physiological systems.

Emotional Influences

Influences on child psychopathology that include reactivity, regulation, temperament, and attachment.

Behavioural and Cognitive Influences

Influences on child psychopathology that include learning history, reinforcement, thoughts, and social cognition.

Family, Culture, and Ethnicity Influences

Influences on child psychopathology that include relationships, shared meanings, stress, resources, and context.

Presenting Problem

In the 5 P's framework, the specific difficulty or issue that describes what the individual is currently experiencing.

Predisposing Factors

In the 5 P's framework, the factors or conditions that make a problem likely to occur.

Precipitating Factors

In the 5 P's framework, the event or change that contributes to the beginning or noticeable change in a problem.

Perpetuating Factors

In the 5 P's framework, conditions or factors that help maintain a difficulty after the problem or issue has developed.

Protective Factors (5 P's Framework)

In the 5 P's framework, the conditions or strengths that support recovery.