radi 211 quiz 1

how many patient identifiers should we check for

2

what are the commonly asked patient identifiers

name and date of birth

what are signs and symptoms that can be observed

objective data

what is how the patient feels and to what extent

subjective data

what is the process of comparing a patient;s medication orders to all the medications that the patient has been taking

medication reconciliation

what are the three steps of medication reconcilliation

obtain the most complete/accurate list of regular medications, use list to write medication orders, and compare list

what should be recorded for medication reconciliation for contrast use

name, strenth, volume, route, time and date, patient tolerance

when should pre-medications be given

when patient is at risk for an adverse event

how is methylprednisone(medrol) used

32 mg by mouth, 12 hours and 2 hours before contrast

how is diphenhydramine(benadryl) used

50 mg intravenously, intramuscularly, or by mouth 1-2 hours before contrast

what is used for emergency situations for medication

hydrocortisone sodium succinate(Solu-Cortef)

what is a specific situation in which a drug, procedure, or surgery should not be used because it may be harmful to the person

contraindication

what are some contraindicators for barium

suspected bowel perforation, perforated ulcers, or possibility of barium impaction

what should be used instead of barium for contraindications

gastrografin or oral hypaque

what are some contraindications for MRI

patients with surgical clips, cochlear implants, neurostimulators, or any implanted metal device or prothesis

what are some contraindications to IV contrast

allergies, asthma, atopic syndrome, renal sufficiency, cardiac dysfunction

what is a typical order for contrast exams

IVUs then BEs then Upper GI

what should always be done when starting a new contrast study

a preliminary scout image to ensure previous contrast media is gone

how long do we need to wait in between CT with IV contrast and a nuc med thyroid scan

several weeks

why do we need to wait several weeks between CT with IV contrast and nuc med thyroid scan

the iodine in contrast interferes with the uptake or the radionuclide

what type of patients are priority

NPO, pediatric, geriatric, diabetic

what is the full order of scheduling for exams

endoscopic, urinary tract, biliary system, CT, lower GI, upper GI

scheduling and prep for upper GI or smal bowel

NPO after midnight or 8 hours prior

scheduling and prep for contrast enema/BE

low residue diet 2-3 days before, only clear liquids 24 hours before

scheduling and prep for iVU/IVP

NPO after midnight, may clean colon of gas or fecal material, empty bladder before scout image

aftercare for BE

increase fluid, increase fiber, normal for different color stool, take milk of magnesia, call physician if no bowel movement in 24 hours

what is the study of drugs in living systems

pharmacology

what is the area of pharmacology that studies the methods for achieving effective drug administration

biopharmaceutics

what is the study of drugs effects

pharmacodynamics

what is the IUPAC designation that identifies the structure of the compound

chemical name

what is the brand or trade name

proprietary name

what is the most branded pharmacologic agents become generic when patent expires

generic name

what is any chemical substance that produces a biological response in a living system

drug

where are most drugs metabolized

the liver

most pharmacologic substances are excreted from the body following what

metabolism

what is the most common route of excretion

kidney

what is the annual publication that contains product information of drugs

physicians desk reference

what is the physicians desk reference used for

identify drugs by generic and brand name, gives accepted uses, side effects and dosages

what info is required on all drug packages according to the FDA

name, indications/contraindications, usual dose, chemical composition and strength, any reported side effects

what divides drugs and other controlled substances into five schedules according to potential for abuse

the controlled substance act

what is a drug that affects the electrical conduction system of the myocardium and is used to prevent or treat cardiac arrhythmias

antiarrhythmic

what drug assists in lowering the blood pressure to safe, long. term goals and treats hypertension

antihypertensive

what drug is designed to eliminate excess fluid and sodium from the bloodstream, decrease the overall pressure within the vessels, and increase the flow of urine

diuretics

what drug is frequently used in patients who have either a history of blood clot formation or the potential to develop blood clots

anticoagulant

what drug is used in patients who have experienced an acute ischemic event to either their heart or brain

antiplatelet

what drug is used to actively break up a newly formed clot

thrombolytic

what drug is used to treat both acute and chronic pain syndromes

analgesic

what drug is used to stimulate CNS receports causes decrease in pain perception

narcotics

what drug acts by inhibiting prostaglandins in the CNS responsible for pain production

acetaminophen

what drug is used to treat pain associated with inflammation

nonsteroidal anti0inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs)

what drug is used to treat pain associated with muscle spasms

muscle relaxants

what drugs act on the CNS to produce a loss of sensation

anesthetics

what drug acts to promote the passage and elimination of feces from the rectum

laxatives

what drugs have a stronger effect and cause the evacuation of the entire colon, usually in the form of watery, unformed stool

cathartics

what are drugs used to dilate airways of lungs

bronchodilators

what drug is used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting

antiemetics

what kind of drugs induce or promote vomiting

emetics

what drugs are used to treat peptic ulcers

antiulcer agents

what drug decreases the build up of fat in the arteries

antihyperlipidemic agents

what drugs are used to block histamine from producing adverse effects

antihistamines

what drug is required for patients who have difficulty maintaining proper balance between blood sugar and tissue sugar

antidiabetic

what type of reaction is had by a diabetic patient who has restlessness, fatigue, weakness, and irritability caused by low blood sugar

hypoglycemic reaction

what diabetic medication should technologists always be aware of

metformin

what drug is used to prevent and treat seizure disorders

antiseizure

what drug is used to treat psychotic episodes and disorders

antipsychotic

what drug is used to treat clinical depression that results from neurotransmitter deficiences

antidepressant

what drug is used for treating acute and chronic anxiety stress

antianxiety

what drug is used to kill or suppress pathologic microorganisms that cause infectious disease

antibiotics

what drug is used to kill mycotic organisms

antifungals

what drug is used to suppress and limit the spread or shedding of viruses that invade the human body

antiviral

what drug is used to kill off rapidly growing cells

chemotherapy drugs

when are IVUs in the order of exams usually

first

when are BEs done in the order of exams usually

second

when are upper GIs done in the order of exams usually

last

what is the most common reaction in the radiography department

anaphylactic