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20 Terms

1

On the Revolutions of Heavenly Bodies

Astronomical work by Copernicus asserting that the Earth revolves around the sun, establishing the heliocentric theory.

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2

New Astronomy

Astronomy text by Kepler proving that heavenly objects revolve in elliptical orbits.

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3

The Starry Messenger

Galileo's book filled with descriptions and drawings of telescopic observations.

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4

Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems

Galileo's work offering a comparison of geocentric and heliocentric theories.

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5

Principia

Newton's seminal work explaining his discoveries including the Third Law of Motion and gravity.

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6

On the Fabric of the Human Body

Anatomical work by Vesalius featuring detailed drawings based on dissections.

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7

On The Motion of the Heart and Blood

Medical text by Harvey that explains the circulatory system and blood movement.

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8

Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam

Entomological work by Marian featuring illustrations and descriptions of insects.

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9

Letters on Turkey

Observations of life in the Ottoman capital written by the wife of a British diplomat.

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10

Discourse on Method

Philosophical work by Descartes emphasizing that knowledge must begin with doubt.

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11

New Instrument

Philosophical work by Francis Bacon asserting that knowledge should be based on empirical evidence.

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12

Cook’s Travels

Biography by Captain Cook describing his voyages across the Pacific and encounters with native cultures.

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13

On the Different Races of Men

Kant's work dividing humanity into racial groups, with racist views on non-Europeans.

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14

Supplement to Bougainville’s Voyage

Diderot's comparison of European society and Tahitian society, arguing for natural freedom.

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15

Encyclopedia

Diderot's extensive compilation of human knowledge focusing on philosophy and science.

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16

Spirit of the Laws

Montesquieu's work advocating the separation of powers in government to prevent tyranny.

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17

Philosophical Letters on the English

Voltaire's tribute to English freedoms of speech, press, and religion.

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18

The Social Contract

Rousseau's revolutionary work arguing for popular sovereignty and the general will.

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19

The Wealth of Nations

Smith's influential economics text advocating for free trade and capitalism.

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20

Vindication of the Rights of Women

Wollstonecraft's work endorsing equal rights for women and capability of reason.

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