LHS Quiz Bowl - World History Set #1

The 2001 film Enemy at the Gates is set during this battle and features Jude Law as Vasily Zaytsev, a sniper who killed over two hundred enemies during it. Operation Uranus successfully overran the flanks protecting Friedrich Paulus' Sixth Army, bringing an end to what battle in Russia in early February 1943?

Battle of Stalingrad

In Operation Badr, this country's Bar-Lev Line was destroyed by an Egyptian military attack. In the Six-Day War of 1967, which country captured the Golan Heights and the Gaza Strip?

Israel

Operation Desert Storm was a 1991 military operation to drive Iraqi forces from what country? What country's invasion by Iraq led to the Gulf War?

Kuwait

Which country was attacked by a U.S.-led group of allies during Operation Desert Storm? Sunni Kurds were persecuted for years in this country under Saddam Hussein.

Iraq

The Jacquard system uses a series of punched cards to control the operation of which type of machine, which is used to weave cloth?

loom

Operation Iceberg was a name for this battle, nicknamed the "typhoon of steel." Following three months of combat that included the suicide mission of the battleship Yamoto, what bloody 1945 battle finally ended?

Battle of Okinawa

A battle was fought in World War II at the Mediterranean port of Tobruk in this country. Operation Compass advanced through what country, the site of the 1943 Battle of Tripoli?

Libya

Soldiers from this country killed thousands of intellectuals during Operation Searchlight. What country lost its eastern part, now called Bangladesh, in a 1971 war?

Pakistan

Settlers in this country targeted the native Mapuche people. In what country did CIA agents encourage Augusto Pinochet to overthrow Salvador Allende's elected socialist government?

Chile

In 310, this man defeated Maxentius at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. What leader, who had a vision of a cross reading "By this sign, you will conquer," was the first Christian Roman emperor?

Constantine I [or Constantine the Great; prompt on Constantine ]

Operation Anvil was carried out in this country, where the Kapenguria Six were put on trial. The Mau Mau uprising took place in which East African country governed from Nairobi?

Kenya

These texts, predominantly written on parchment and papyrus, were likely written by Qumran residents called the Essenes. Bedouin shepherds discovered what Biblical manuscripts near a namesake body of water?

Dead Sea Scrolls

A leader of one side in this war shouted, "I die with my nation!" after the Battle of Cerro Corá. What is the most common name for the war during which dictator Francisco Solano Lopez died and Paraguay suffered overwhelming losses?

War of the Triple Alliance [accept Paraguayan War before read]

In this century, Britain set up the West Africa Squadron and outlawed the international slave trade. The division of Africa into colonial territories occurred in the last decades of what century?

19 th Century [or 1800 s]

Bishop Henri Gregoire coined this word in 1793 to indicate the destruction of buildings in the wake of the French Revolution. What is this nine-letter term that comes from the Germanic tribe that sacked Rome in AD 410?

vandalism

A kingdom of these people was defeated at the Battle of Rourke's Drift under the leadership of Cetshwayo. Name these people who were led by Shaka in South Africa.

Zulu people

A "revolution" named for this period was called "the worst mistake in the history of the human race" by Jared Diamond. Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument that was built during what period, which is also known as the New Stone Age?

Neolithic period [or Neolithic Revolution]

In 1974, archaeologists discovered 8,000 life-size statues of warriors made of what material, which were buried with the first emperor of China? The name for this material means "baked earth."

terra cotta

Under British rule, this region was renamed from this province of East Bengal. In November 1970, this region was struck by a storm that killed around 500,000 and struck nearby India. What was the historical name of the region that became Bangladesh?

East Pakistan [accept Bangladesh before read]

This nation, which hosted the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics, was once led by Kurt Waldheim. The 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz resulted in the Ottoman Empire ceding most of Hungary to what nation?

Austria

Codenamed Argonaut and held at the Livadia Palace in Crimea, what was this conference held two months before the death of Franklin Roosevelt, the second of three conferences attended by the Big Three?

Yalta Conference

This word applied to both the German Bundestag and the Japanese Parliament, and it names the general assembly of the Imperial Estates of the Holy Roman Empire. What is this word for an assembly that has been attached to Nuremberg, Augsburg, and Worms [vorms]?

Diet

Christian Ottoman slaves were forced to convert to Islam and serve in what elite infantry units?

Janissaries [or Janissary corps]

This president's forces were victorious over the French at the Battle of Puebla. Name this son of Zapotec peasants, who served as the first Indigenous president of Mexico.

Benito Juárez

Primo Levi's book If This is a Man is set at this location on the eve of the arrival of Soviet troops. January 27 is commemorated as International Holocaust Remembrance Day for the date in 1945 when what Nazi death camp was liberated by Soviet troops?

Indonesia

Hatuey was a cacique of these people, who were the first native people to meet Christopher Columbus. Hurricane, tobacco, and barbecue are words that came from the language of what original inhabitants of Jamaica?

Taino [or Arawak s]

During the battle, Japan lost four carriers and a major portion of its naval air arms, leading Hawaii and the United States to be spared any further threat from Japanese attack. Name this June 1942 battle, considered the turning point of the Pacific Theater.

Battle of Midway

This battle was fought on one side by Maxentius, who drowned in the Tiber River, and on the other side by a man who had instructed his soldiers to paint the symbol Chi Rho on their shields. What is this 312 battle that marked the beginning of the empire of Constantine I?

Battle of the Milvian Bridge

This war ended with the death of President Francisco Solano Lopez at the Battle of Cerro Cora. The bloodiest war in Latin American history, what is this conflict in which Paraguay fought against Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay?

War of the Triple Alliance [accept Paraguay an War before read]

Fletcher Christian led a group that settled this island after rebelling against William Bligh. The HMS Bounty landed on what isolated island in the Pacific Ocean with only a few dozen residents?

Pitcairn Island

Hatshepsut's trading voyages were to a region of this country now called Puntland, which was controlled by Italy. Siad Barre led what African country governed from Mogadishu?

Somalia

This kingdom was founded by Mentuhotep II of the 11th Dynasty after he overthrew the rulers of the 10th Dynasty. Senusret III solidified power in what kingdom, which gave way to the Second Intermediate Period?

Middle Kingdom

Napoleon III placed Emperor Maximilian on the throne of this country. Name this country that fought with France at the Battle of Puebla, commemorated on Cinco de Mayo.

Mexico

In order, what are the three ages of ancient civilizations, based on the types of tools and weapons used?

Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age

Samudra and Chandra ruled this empire, during which Kalidasa wrote and the Mahabharata reached its final form. Often referred to as the Golden Age of India, what dynastic empire spanned AD 320 to 550, and covered northern India and most of Pakistan?

Gupta Empire

The sale of this island was the subject of the Ostend Manifesto, which would have led to a US invasion. The Teller Amendment signaled the independence of what island led from Havana?

Cuba

This capital of Laconia lost its claim to supremacy after the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BC. The agoge system was introduced by what city led by King Leonidas?

Sparta

On Dec. 20, 1989, President George H.W. Bush sent 10,000 troops into this country as part of Operation Just Cause. Name this nation, whose Balboa Hill offers a view of both the Atlantic and Pacific.

Panama

This ruler constructed the Temple of Abu Simbel and was victorious at the Battle of Kadesh. What ruler from the 13th century BC was the third pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt?

Ramesses II [accept Ramesses the Great ]

Napoleon III offered the Imperial Crown to Archduke Maximilian in what country, where the Battle of Puebla was fought?

Mexico

This event included the Pantingan River massacre, where over 300 Commonwealth soldiers were executed. Considered a Japanese war crime, what was given to the forced transfer of Filipino and American prisoners of war in World War II?

Bataan Death March

These people trace their roots to when migrants from Mongolia mixed with Indo-European speakers to the south in the Tarim Basin. Living primarily in the Xinjiang autonomous region of China, what is this Turkic ethnic group?

Uyghur

Since the 10th century, the Sharif of Mecca and its Emir were from this dynasty. The royal families that used to rule Iraq came from this house. Jordan's King Abdullah II is part of which Arab dynasty that claims to be directly descended from Mohammed?

Hashemite dynasty

In 1974 and 1988, Chinese forces killed troops from this nation in fighting over disputed islands in the South China Sea. Name this country that alternatively named the Second Indochina War.

Vietnam

This country defeated Italy at the Battle of Adowa, and the kings of a kingdom in this country claimed direct descent from King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. The Kingdom of AAxum was in what country, which was once ruled by Haile Selassie?

Ethiopia

Savonarola denounced the corruption of Florence and Lorenzo de' Medici in this year. Charles Mann's nonfiction book that is subtitled New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus has what year as its title, a year prior to when Columbus "sailed the ocean blue."

1491

In this colony, a land swindle at New Bern helped spark the 1711 Tuscarora War, which spread through the Pamlico River region. Name this colony founded after settlers fled the nearby settlement of Roanoke.

North Carolina

This ruler was nearly overthrown in the Nika Riots, and under his rule, Belisarius retook much of the western empire. Roman law was reestablished by what "great" Byzantine ruler?

Justinian the Great [or Justinian I]

Beginning with the first appearance of hominid-made stone tools, this period is almost concurrent with the Pleistocene Epoch. Designating the earliest of the three major divisions of the Stone Age, what is this earliest period of human prehistory?

Paleolithic period

Roy Brown of the Royal Air Force shot down this airman, who led a group nicknamed the "Flying Circus." Name this German fighter pilot whose real name was Manfred von Richtofen.

Red Baron [accept Manfred von Richtofen before read]

Throughout the 1980s, this nation’s National Reconstruction Government was led by a socialist Sandinista Junta. After the US gave the Swan Islands to Honduras in 1971, what country became a headquarters for the American-backed Contra rebels in cities like Managua?

Nicaragua

A crisis named for this location began after the US pulled out funding for the Aswan High Dam. The Northeast Passage cuts the shipping distance between China and Europe by about 5,000 miles compared with the usual route through which canal?

Suez Canal [or Suez Crisis]

Generals Wolfe and Montcalm died in what country on the Plains of Abraham during the French and Indian War?

Canada

In 1965, this country sent in armed forces to extract its civilians and diplomats during the Dominican Civil War. Name this country that has the world’s largest Air Force.

United States of America [or US A]

The only person convicted of perpetrating this event was William Calley, platoon leader of Charlie Company's 20th Infantry Regiment. What was this 1968 massacre by American soldiers of hundreds of civilians in South Vietnam?

My Lai Massacre

Economic tensions coinciding with World Cup rioting led to the name of what war between Honduras and El Salvador?

Football War [or Soccer War]

Early versions of these devices were devised by Jean Baptiste Falcon and Jacques Vaucanson as punch cards. Name these frame devices that are used to weave cloth.

looms

The cities of Colossae, Hierapolis, and Laodicea were destroyed by one of these events in 60 AD. Before the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, one of what seismic events struck Herculaneum and Pompeii?

earthquake s

The Dutch company of this name was also known as the VOC, in which the O stands for Oostindische. The British company of what name held a monopoly on opium production in and around Calcutta?

East India Company

These two colors name a Vedic culture which, on a timeline, followed Ochre and preceded Grey. What two colors are also found in the flags of the anarcho-communist movement and Albania?

red and black

This man served as prime minister of the Cape Colony after forming the De Beers diamond company. A proponent of the Cape-to-Cairo Railway, what man is remembered for an academic scholarship to Oxford?

Cecil Rhodes

A president of this country won on the slogan, "He killed my ma, he killed my pa, but I'll vote for him." What country's president Charles Taylor was found guilty of brutal war crimes in a civil war in neighboring Sierra Leone?

Liberia

Operation Focus was launched after this country closed off the Straits of Tiran, which it later captured. In 1967, which country captured the Golan Heights, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Gaza Strip?

Israel

The so-called "Reverse" of this man was named Rabban Bar Sauma and traveled from China to Europe. Name this author of Il Milione who traveled to China along the Silk Road.

Marco Polo

This Roman emperor finished the construction of the Coliseum and provided aid to those who were affected by the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. Name this leader of the Roman Army that sacked Jerusalem, who names an arch.

Titus [or Titus Caesar Vespasianus]

After Imre Nagy pulled his nation out of this alliance, Hungary was invaded. Name this alliance that was founded after West Germany was accepted into NATO, a group of Communist states that was named for the capital of Poland.

Warsaw Pact

Before oil income grew in the 1950s, the economy of what is now the UAE was based on fishing and this industry. Made of aragonite, this industry's items are produced in the mantle of a mollusk.

pearl s [or pearl fishing]

This leader adopted the Sinatra Doctrine and succeeded Konstantin Chernenko in his highest post. What leader did Reagan exhort to "tear down this wall," the creator of glasnost and perestroika?

Mikhail Gorbachev

During which century were the Gospels gathered into the "fourfold evangelia" to form the core of the New Testament; Hadrian visited Britain; and Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius wrote Meditations?

2 nd century [or 100 s]

A family of this ethnicity was depicted in The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down, and many settled in cities like St. Paul and Fresno. What Highland ethnic group fled westward after the Communist takeover of Laos?

Hmong people [or Hmoob ]

This historian analyzed the Melian Dialogue in his most famous book, which called Pericles the "first man of Athens." What Greek historian wrote The History of the Peloponnesian War?

Thucydides

These people's "Power Radio," the RTML, broadcast the message "cut down the tall trees" after the death of Juvenal Habyarimana. What majority tribe in Rwanda was blamed for the genocidal slaughter of the Tutsi people in 1994?

Hutu s

This man reached the coast of Newfoundland and Nova Scotia with authorization from Henry VII. Name this first European to reach the North American mainland since Leif Ericson.

John Cabot [or Giovanni Caboto ]

This empire's navy was victorious at the Battle of Preveza in the Ionian Sea. What large empire authorized the Barbary corsairs to seize goods from ships of other nations?

Ottoman Empire

In which body of water in the South China Sea was the USS Maddox apparently attacked by North Vietnamese torpedoes in August 1964? That incident in this gulf led to a resolution authorizing LBJ to send troops to Vietnam.

Gulf of Tonkin

This document, authored by Stephen Langton, was one of the first to give people the right to habeus corpus. What is the name of the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215?

Magna Carta

During this event, the 2506 Brigade landed at Playa Giron with assistance from the CIA. What April 17, 1961 event was a US-authorized failed invasion of Cuba?

Bay of Pigs invasion

This author of Germania wrote a history that begins by describing the chaos of the Year of the Four Emperors. What ancient historian examined the world of Claudius and Nero in his Annals and Histories?

Tacitus [or Publius Cornelius Tacitus ] 5

Theodore Roszak popularized this term, which found its way into Russian referring to the promotion of behavior that would have been forbidden under Soviet rule. What is this term used to describe the 1960s revolt against authority?

counterculture

This cause prompted William Wilberforce to say, "Thank God I should have lived to witness a day in which England is willing to give 20 million sterling" for it. John Newton's "Amazing Grace" was based on his advocacy for what liberating cause?

abolition of slavery [or ending the slave trade]

What artistic name is given to the mass demonstrations in protest of Soviet rule that included a two-million-person human chain and occurred on Estonia's Song Festival grounds from 1987 to 1991?

Singing Revolution

This man noted, "I have not yet begun to fight," after which the Serapis and Countess of Scarborough surrendered. Name this man who served as a rear admiral in the Russian Navy and captained the Bonhomme Richard.

John Paul Jones

During which century did the Mongol Empire reach its farthest western extent in Hungary? This century was also when the Fourth through Eighth Crusades occurred, as well as when a document was written that reads, "to none will we sell, to none delay or deny, right or justice."

13 th century [or 1200 s]

This city was founded by Enmerkar, who served as its king before being succeeded by Lugalbanda. Name this ancient Sumerian city, which was ruled by Gilgamesh.

Uruk

The Burney Relief from Ancient Mesopotamia and the majority of Olmec figurines were both made of this material. The Imperial roof decorations in the Forbidden City were made of what earthenware, associated with Qin Shi Huang and his buried army?

terracotta

Encyclopedia Britannica was first published in this century, during which the power loom and steam pump were invented. The Seven Years' War was fought in what century?

18 th century [or 1700 s]

These units formed groups called koinon, which functioned as a group of smaller communities like the Boeotian or Achaean League. What five-letter word means "city-state," which was the main political unit in ancient Greece?

polis

To carry out this yearly process, broken potshards were taken to the agora to be used as ballots. What was this political process whose targets were, for a time, banished from ancient Athens?

ostracism

This empire lost to Jan Sobieski's Winged Hussars at its failed 1683 siege of Vienna. What was the last empire to rule both the Anatolian and Balkan peninsulas?

Ottoman Empire

During these wars, the Transvaal and the Orange Free State fought against Great Britain's Natal and Cape Colony. Name these wars between the British and Afrikaner Republics in South Africa.

Boer Wars

Two answers required. The Levant States, a French mandate after the First World War, consisted of which two nations that gained independence in the 1940s? In 2008, Bashar al-Assad of one of these countries established a formal relationship with Michel Sleiman of the other, a small neighbor to the west?

Syria AND Lebanon

William L. Shirer wrote a book on the "Rise and Fall of" this specific regime. The Nazi regime was known by what numeric phrase, the presumed successor to the Holy Roman Empire and the German Empire?

Third Reich [prompt on Nazi regime]

This third husband of Julia the Elder retired to Capri, after which the prefect Sejanus took power. Macro was a Praetorian prefect thought to have helped Caligula come to power by smothering which emperor?

Tiberius [or Tiberius Caesar Augustus or Tiberius Claudius Nero]

This agency played a significant role in the 1953 Iranian coup d'etat and the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'etat. What federal agency trained the forces for the Bay of Pigs invasion?

CIA [or Central Intelligence Agency]

Name this country that was home to the Solomonic Dynasty and Haile Selassie.

Ethiopia

With Mohamed Naguib, this leader overthrew King Farouk while leading the Free Officers Movement. What Egyptian President seized the Suez Canal in 1956?

Gamal Abdel Nasser

Harald Hardrada was the king of what Scandinavian kingdom?

Norway

The Haqqani Network tried to assassinate this leader, who defeated Abdullah Abdullah in a rigged election. Kabul's main airport is named after what leader, who served as president of Afghanistan from 2001 to 2014?

Hamid Karzai

This leader succeeded Konstantin Chernenko and was overthrown in the August Coup. What leader was elected as the first-ever president of the Soviet Union and created policies that led to the fall of the Berlin Wall?

Mikhail Gorbachev

During the 1976 presidential campaign, Ronald Reagan said of what project, "We built it, we paid for it, it's ours & we are going to keep it"? The Carter-Torrijos Treaty returned control of this Central American canal.

Panama Canal