Chapter 9: Energy Sources

petroleum products

When ________ and coal are burned, smoke is given off that contains small particles called particulates.

Natural gas

________ contains more energy per kilogram than petroleum or coal does.

Windmills

________ use the energy of the wind to pump water.

Renewable Resource

________: an energy source that is replaced nearly as quickly as it is used.

Petroleum

________: a highly flammable liquid formed by decayed ancient organisms, such as microscopic plankton and algae.

Hydroelectricity

________: Electricity produced from the energy of moving water.

Fossil fuels

________ are burned to generate electricity in a power plant.

Biomass

________: renewable organic matter, such as wood, sugarcane fibers, rice hulls, and animal manure.

Energy

________ is released when the nucleus of an atom breaks apart.

environmental damage

The mining of the uranium can cause ________.

Nuclear Waste

________: any radioactive by- product that results when radioactive materials are used.

Fusion

________ is the most concentrated energy source known.

Hydroelectric power plants

________ are an efficient way to produce electricity with almost no pollution.

Artificial dams

________ can disturb the balance of natural ecosystems.

Solar cells

________ are made of two layers of semiconductor materials sandwiched between two layers of conducting metal.

nuclear fusion

In ________, two smaller nuclei join together to form a larger nucleus.

Thermonuclear fusion

________ is the joining together of small nuclei at high temperatures.

Nonrenewable Resources

________: resources that can not be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used.

Coal mines

________ were once the sites of ancient swamps.

Nuclear Reactor

________: uses the energy from controlled ________ to generate electricity.

Photovoltaic Cell

________: converts radiant energy from the Sun directly into electrical energy.

Geothermal energy

________ also can be used to generate electricity.

Windmills

________ also can use the energy of the wind to generate electricity.

Petroleum

________ is a mixture of thousands of chemical compounds.

Coal

________ is a solid fossil fuel that is found in mines underground.

Natural gas

________ is burned to provide energy for cooking, heating, and manufacturing.

Coal

________ formed from the organic material that was deposited as the plants that lived in these swamps died.

Fossil Fuels

Fuels such as petroleum, or oil, natural gas, and coal; are formed from the decaying remains of ancient plants and animals

Petroleum

a highly flammable liquid formed by decayed ancient organisms, such as microscopic plankton and algae

Nonrenewable Resources

resources that cannot be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used

Nuclear Reactor

uses the energy from controlled nuclear reactions to generate electricity

Nuclear Waste

any radioactive by-product that results when radioactive materials are used

Renewable Resource

an energy source that is replaced nearly as quickly as it is used

Photovoltaic Cell

converts radiant energy from the Sun directly into electrical energy

Hydroelectricity

Electricity produced from the energy of moving water

Geothermal Energy

The thermal energy that is contained in hot magma

Biomass

renewable organic matter, such as wood, sugarcane fibers, rice hulls, and animal manure