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a. Naloxone
which of the ff is a useful antidote in cases of opioid poisoning?
a. Naloxone
b. Flumazenil
c. N-acetylcysteine
d. Sodium Nitroprusside
d. Phencylidine
Angel dust refers to what specific hallucinogen
a. ecstasy
b. Shabu
c. acid
d. Phencylidine
b. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Ethanol causes what neurologic syndrome?
a. Wilson’s disease
b. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
c. Lennox- Gastaut Syndrome
d. Dravet Syndrome
a. cannabis
THC is present in
a. cannabis
b. morning glory
c. black indian hemp
d. tobacco
a. meperidine
Pethidine refers to
a. meperidine
b. Heroin
C. Morphine
d. Normeperidine
Hallucinogen
LSD is an:
Mescaline
The hallucinogenic alkaloid present in button cactus, lophophora williamsii
THC
The psychoactive component of marijuana
ALDH
Disulfiram inhibits
A. ecstasy
MDMA
A. ecstasy
b. Shabu
c. Modafinil
d. Amphetamine
Grain Alcohol, Spiritus Vini Rectificatus
Other names for Ethanol
Ethanol
Most Widely Abused recreational substance
Beer: 4-5%
Wine: 10-14%
Distilled spirits (whisky, vodka, rum, brandy): 30-50%
Alcohol content of Ethanol:
Acetaldehyde
responsible for hangover
Acetic Acid
a fatty acid that contributes obesity to alcoholic
Disulfiram
blocks ALDH
Causes accumulation of ethanal in the body
Acute Alcoholic Intoxication
Aka Alcoholic Poisoning
Tachycardia,
Abnormal Breathing,
Coma Death
Causes of Alcoholic Poisoning:
Supportive Care
Fluids & Electrolyte – Dehydration
Thiamine/v.B1 – Wernicke-Korsakoff
Treatment for Alcoholic Poisoning:
Chronic Alcoholism
Alcohol dependency
- Behavioral Therapy +
Disulfiram – aversion drug
Naltrexone
Acamprosate
Treatment for Chronic Alcoholism:
Shakes (Tremor)
Alcohol Withdrawal Hallucinosis
Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures
Delirium Tremens: life-threat
a group of signs and symptoms that people may encounter if they abruptly stop consuming alcohol (3-7 days)
Diazepam
Treatment for Delirium Tremens
Nicotine
Ingestion of Nicotine Liquid
Tobacco
Active Ingredient of Nicotine
Activated charcoal &
Gastric Lavage
Treatment for Nicotine Toxicity
Nicotine patch; Varenicline
Treatment for Nicotine Withdrawal Syndrome:
Morphine
Natural Opioids:
Heroin: obtained via diacetylation
Codeine: obtained via methylation
Semi-Synthetic Opioids:
Methadone
Pethidine
Synthetic Opioids:
Pinpoint Pupil – miosis
Respiratory Depression – life-threatening
Coma
*Meperidine – seizure (normeperdine; pro-convulsant)
Opioids Toxicity:
Naltrexone
Naloxone
Nalorphine
Nalmefene
Antidotes for Opioids Toxicity:
Hashish; Weed; Indian Hemp
Other names for Marijuana:
Marijuana
Most Commonly used illegal drug
obtained from Cannabis (C. Sativa)
CBD – Dravet & Lennox S (Epilepsy) | Cannabidiol
Delta 9 THC – main psychoactive component | Tetrahydrocannabinol
Marijuana contains:
Phase 1
What phase of Marijuana Toxicity?
State of Relaxation
Phase 2
What phase of Marijuana Toxicity?
Philosophical Thinking; Introspection
Phase 3
What phase of Marijuana Toxicity?
o Tachycardia & Hunger (11-OH THC)
Supportive Care
Treatment for Marijuana Toxicity
Supportive Care
Treatment for Phencyclidine Toxicity
Supportive Care
Treatment for Mescaline Toxicity
Supportive Care
Treatment for LSD Toxicity
Supportive Care
Treatment for Amphetamine Toxicity
Supportive Care
Treatment for Cocaine Toxicity
Angel Dust
Phencyclidine is known as
Phencyclidine
Dissociative anaesthetic (animals)
Dose Dependent Toxicity
Blood shot eyes; loss of balance
Low Dose Dependent Toxicity:
anesthesia; HPN
Moderate Dose Dependent Toxicity:
Convulsion
High Dose Dependent Toxicity:
Sympathomimetic Syndrome
Mescaline Toxicity causes:
Tachycardia – beta blockers
Mydriasis
Seizure - Diazepam
Psychosis – Chlorpromazine
Sympathomimetic Syndrome Manifestations:
Shabu
aka Methamphetamine
Amphetamine
Displaces stored catecholamines
HPN,
Arrhythmia,
Seizure,
Psychosis
Amphetamine toxicity:
Cocaine
blocks reuptake of catecholamines
