APAH Romanesque and

ap art history

What is Cloisonné?

A technique of enameling where colored areas are separated by thin bands of metal, usually gold or bronze.

What historical events characterize the Dark Ages in Europe?

Mass migrations, including Viking invasions of the British Isles and parts of France.

Who was Charlemagne?

A Frankish king who built an impressive empire with his capital in Aachen, Germany.

What art form was primarily developed in Monasteries during the Middle Ages?

The creation of manuscripts.

What type of art is associated with Hiberno-Saxon culture?

Illuminated manuscripts, often featuring intricate interlace patterns.

What is represented by the calf/ox in Christian symbolism?

Saint Luke, symbolizing Christ’s sacrifice.

What architectural feature is associated with Romanesque Churches?

Barrel vaulted naves.

What is the significance of the Bayeux Tapestry?

It commemorates the struggle for the throne of England between William and Harold, depicting events leading up to the Norman conquest.

What does the Golden Haggadah illustrate?

Scenes from the Exodus story, including the plagues of Egypt.

What is a colophon in the context of ancient manuscripts?

A statement at the end of a manuscript that provides information about its creation.

What does horror vacui refer to in art?

The fear of empty spaces, often leading to intricate designs filling the entirety of the space.

What is a fibula?

A brooch or clasp used to fasten garments in ancient and medieval times.

When was the Lindisfarne Gospels created?

Around 700-721 CE.

What is depicted on the Incipit Page of St. Luke in the Lindisfarne Gospels?

The opening words of St. Luke's Gospel.

What is a key characteristic of Romanesque architecture?

The revitalization of large-scale architecture and sculpture.

What are the Pilgrimages related to in Romanesque art?

They increased the flow of people and ideas across Europe.

What style is demonstrated in the portrait of Saint Luke in the Lindisfarne Gospels?

It showcases nonclassical features, lacking shadows and background.

What was the goal of the ambulatory in Romanesque churches?

To allow crowds to move through during pilgrimages.

What is a quatrefoil?

A decorative element featuring a four-lobed shape.

What is the significance of the moralized Bible page dedicated to Louis IX?

It highlights the traditions and symbolism associated with French royal coronations.

What event does the Battle of Hastings mark in history?

The Norman conquest of England in 1066.

What is the St. Matthew Cross Page in the Lindisfarne Gospels?

A richly decorated page that serves as an introduction to the Gospel of Matthew, showcasing intricate designs and vibrant colors.

What are the Merovingian Frankish loops Fibula?

A type of brooch used during the Merovingian period, characterized by its elaborate looped design and decorative elements.

What is the significance of the Saint Luke Incipit Page?

It introduces the Gospel according to Saint Luke, featuring decorative initials and elaborate ornamentation.

What famous events does the Bayeux Tapestry depict?

It illustrates the events leading up to and including the Norman conquest of England through vivid narrative scenes.

What is the Bianche of Castillo?

A historical site known for its architectural features and significance in medieval Spain, though less commonly referred to in standard texts.

What is depicted on the dedication page (folio 9 recto) of the moralized Bible dedicated to Louis IX?

It features imagery and text emphasizing the connection between divine authority and the French monarchy, often accompanied by depictions of Louis IX and monks.

What is codex?

An ancient manuscript in book form, typically made of parchment.

What is parchment?

A writing material made from animal skin, used in ancient manuscripts.

What is a scriptorium?

A room in monasteries dedicated to the writing, copying, and illuminating of manuscripts.

What does zoomorphic mean in art?

Representing or embodying animal forms in design or decoration.

What are the Gospels?

The first four books of the New Testament, detailing the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

What is the significance of horror vacui in art?

It refers to the anxiety of empty spaces, leading to densely packed designs.

What is a fibula in historical context?

A type of brooch used in antiquity to fasten clothing.

What is a colophon in manuscripts?

A concluding statement that provides information about the manuscript's creation.

What is an example of animal style art?

Art characterized by stylized animal forms, often seen in metalwork and jewelry.