Botany Dune and Maritime Forest Zonations, Factors of Dune Creation

Primary Dune

Grasses and creepers. Dry sand trapped in these dunes reduces sand and salt spray into other dunes. Sand and salt-tolerant.

Secondary Dune

Shrubs and short-lived trees. Highly adapted prolific re-seeders, fast-growing plants.

Tertiary Dune

Long-lived trees. Permanent, highly interdependent, surviving in protection of dune and secondary species

Transition Zone

Space between tertiary dunes and maritime forests/hammocks.

Maritime Forest/Hammock

Predominantly evergreen hardwood forest growing on stabilized coastal dunes varying  distances from shore. Often contains Hardwood species forming a low streamlined canopy.

 Our Florida sands are the ultimate product of ——- and ____.

erosion, deposition

Dunes and maritime forests are huge shock absorbers for huge amounts of energy due to __, ——, and ——-.

waves, wind, water (salt spray)

____ _____ and _____ _____ can contribute to the height and shape of foredunes.

Wind strenght, sand structure

—- can alter the landscape of dunes by killing plant roots and terminal buds, even in tolerant plants. dubbed the —— —— effect. Also causes dwarf and rounded growth in more woody species.

salt, salt pruning