Photosynthesis

What is photosynthesis?

Synthesis of light

What is the byproduct of photosynthesis?

O2

What is the electron carrier

NADP+

Where does photosynthesis occur

Chloroplasts

What are light reactions?

Uses energy of light to make ATP and NADPH

What are light independent reactions

Use ATP NADPH and CO2 to make carbs

What are photons?

Particles of light

How can photons interact with matter

Bounces, pass through, absorbed

What light does chlorophyll absorb

blue and red light

What are pigments

moleules that absorb visible light

What is a resonance energy transfer?

energy transfer between two light sensitive molecules

What are light harvesting complexes?

Several chlorophylls that gather light energy

What is the reaction center?

Central chlorphyll molecule

Where are thylakoids located

Interior membrane

What is stroma?

liquid inside of the interior membrane but outside the thylakoids

What is the Calvin Cycle

Light independent reactions that use ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2 to carbs

What powers ATP synthase?

H+ gradient

Which comes first, photosystem 1 or 2

2

What does Photosystem I do?

uses light energy to continue movement of electrons from photosystem 2 to reduce NADP or uses light energy to create an H+ gradient to fuel ATP synthesis

What does photosystem II do?

uses light energy tooxidize water and create H+ concentration to fuel ATP synthesis

What charge does the reaction center have?

Positive Charge

Where does the reaction enter get energy from?

Uses energy from photons to redue an electron acceptor

What are the 3 steps of the Calvin Cycle?

Carbon fixation, Reduction, Regeneration

What happens in carbon fixation?

CO2 and RuBP bind and then split

What happens in reduction?

the products forfixation are phosphorylated and reduced

What happens in regeneration

RuBP is regenerated

How many glucoses are produced for every CO2

1 glucose per 6 CO2

True or false: the Calvin Cycle uses light directly

false-it is stimulated by light by increasing the pH and activating rubisco

What is the Calvin Cycle’s main enzyme?

Rubisco

What is the purpose of photorespiration

Reduces sugar production

What is rubisco?

catalyzes the reaction of RuBP

What is the relationship between rubisco, CO2, and O2?

Rubisco wants CO2 more but photosynthesis increases with O2 concentration

What is the first product of carbon fixation of a C3 plant

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Examples of C3 plants

wheat and rice

What is the first product of carbon fixation of a C4 plant

oxaloacetate

Examples of C4

Corn and sugarcane

What is the first product of carbon fixation of a CAM plant

Organic Acids

Examples of CAM plants

Pineapple and most cacti