Ch.11: Emotion, Reward, Aggression, and Stress

emotions

• positive or negative experience associated with a certain pattern of physiological activity

• two components: physical/physiological reaction & conscious experience or feeling

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

• bottom-up: emotion happens b/c of physiological response

• external stimulus → perception → physiological response → emotional reaction

Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

• top-down: emotion and physiological response happens at the same time

• external stimulus → perception → physiological response & emotional reaction

Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

• two factor theory: cognitive processing of physiological response (categorize to emotion: happy, sad based on response)

  • physiological arousal contributes to emotion's intensity, while identity of emotion is based on cognitive appraisal

Voluntary Facial Expression

• Cranial Nerve VII originates in facial nuclei in pons

• motor cortex

• contralateral: right up control left bottom

• bilateral: left up control left down

involuntary/spontaneous facial expression

• subcortical regions (cortex NOT involved)

• basil ganglia → red nucleus → facial nucleus VII → facial nerve VII → contraction of face

Brain regions involving emotional regulation

• cingulate cortex: 

• hypothalamus:

• amygdala: