CSD Quiz 3

What is Aphasia?

- originates from damage to brain.

- auditory comprehension and word retrieval issues.

What risk factors are associated with persistent stuttering?

- Being male

-onset after 3.5 years

-multiple reps.

-family member stutter

What is literacy?

visual modes of communication through reading and writing

When does reading development begin?

around age 1

when does print awareness develop?

around age 3

what is print awareness?

recognizing words as discrete units and being able to identify letters

when do they begin to notice phonological similarities and syllable structure?

around age 4

When do you have more variables predict reading success?

kindergarten

when do children learn phonics?

First grade

when is there is a shift from learning to read to reading to learn?

third grade

Define prolongations

-airflow continues but movement is stopped.

-Ex: "Wwwwhat's that?"

Define repetitions

-the process of repeating a word or part of a word

-ex: "my-my-my"

Define Blocks

-stoppage of airflow or voicing.

-ex: no sound is coming out

What is the theory that refers to something physical?

Organic theory- disconnection between the mind and body

What is the theory that refers to something psychological?

Psychological theory- neurotic symptoms with ties to unconscious need and internal conflicts.

What is the theory that refers to something conceptual?

Conceptual theory- stuttering is a reaction to some flaw in the speech production plan

What is theory that refers to something Behavioral?

Behavioral theory- stuttering is a learned response to conditions external to the individual

Can you give an example of conceptual theory?

demands and capacities model (DCM) - This model asserts that stuttering develops when the environmental demands placed on a child to produce fluent speech exceed the child's physical and learned capacities.

what is spontaneous recovery?

naturally getting better without professional intervention

Define incidence

-how many people have stuttered at some point(past).

-approx. 5%

Define prevalence

-how many people have a stutter at a given time (present).

-approx. 1%