BIO 1031 Lab Practical #1

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Radiolaria

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foraminifera

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Gymnamoeba

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ciliophore

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euglenozoa

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rhodophyta

myxogastrida

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chlorophyta

phaeophyta

anthocerophyta

bryophyta (microscope)

heptaophyta

bryophyta

hepatophyta (microscope)

Psilophyta

Lycophyta

Arthrophyta

Pterophyta

Prothallus (Pterophyta)

sori (Pterophyta)

Cycadophyta

Ginkophyta

Coniferophyta

Gnetophyta

Coniferophyta (microscope)

Microsporangia (red) and Megasporangia (blue/purple)

Homospory and Elaters

monocots

Eudicots

Radial symmetry

Bilateral Symmetry

simple, dry

pineapple

multiple, fleshy

apple

simple, fleshy accessory

orange

simple, fleshy

simple, fleshy, accessory

aggregate, dry, accessory

simple, fleshy

Lilium mature embryo sac

lilium megaspore mother cell

lilium binucleate (mature) pollen

imperfect fungi

basidiomycota

ascomycota

lichen fruticose

lichen foliose

lichen crustose

what are the 3 main phylas of Protista?

protozoan, algae, and fungus-like

what are the 5 protozoans

euglenozoa, gymnamoeba, ciliophora, apicomplexa, foraminifera, and radiolaria

What is Euglenozoa (ex)

flagella, Trypanosomes

what is Gymnamoeba (ex)

pseudopodia, Amoeba

what is Ciliophora (ex)

cilia, paramecium

what is Apicomplexa (ex)

parasitic, plasmodium

what is Foraminifera (ex)

calcareous test (shells)

what is Radiolaria (ex)

siliceous test (shells)

what is Chlorophyta (ex)

green algae (chlamydomonas, volvox, ulva)

what is Phaeophyta (ex)

brown algae (Kelp, Sargassum)

what is Rhodophyta (ex)

red algae (corallina)

what is Myxogastrida (ex)

plasmodium feeding stage, Physarum

What are the 3 Algae

Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta

What is the one Fungus-Like

Myxogastrida is

zygotic meiosis

zygote directly undergoes meiosis

gametic

gametes formed directly by meiosis

Sporic Meiosiss/Alteration of Generations

mitosis in 2 positions in life cycle forms 2 distinct multicellular generations; meiosis forms spores

siliceous test

tests are extremely fragile and are often only seen as fragments (glass-like)

calcareous test

test forms spiral patterns (shell)

pseudopodia

slow, have an oozing, liquid movement

Trypanosomes

parasitic flagellates living in the blood of vertebrate (ex. African sleeping sickness)

Plasmodium

genus of phylum Apicomplexa that is parasitic and causes malaria

what are the 3 non-vascular plants phyla

bryophyta, hepatophyta, and anthocerophyta

what is bryophyta (ex)

true mosses

what is Hepatophyta (ex)

liverworts

what is Anthocerophyta (ex)

hornworts

gemma cups

small cup on upper surface of bryophytes where gemmae are produced

Antheridium

the male sex organ of algae, mosses, ferns, fungi, and other non-flowering plants

archegonium

the female sex organ of algae

sporophyte

diploid phase

gametophyte

haploid phase

haploid

one complete chromosome set

diploid

two complete chromosome sets

what are the 4 vascular (seedless) plants phyla

lycophyta, psilophyta, arthrophyta, and pterophyta

what are the two vascular tissues

xylem and phloem

xylem

for water and minerals, flows from roots to rest of plants, “up only”

Phloem

for carbs and other nutrients, flows in any direction needed, “up or down”

sori

spore-producing structures on the bottom of fern leaves

prothallus

gametophyte of ferns, heart shaped

are gametophytes or sporophyte dominant in vascular plants

sporophyte is dominant

what are the 4 seeded plants phyla

cycadophyta, Ginkophyta, Gnetophyta, and coniferophyta

homospory

one spore type

dioecious

having male reproductive organs in one individual and female in another

monoecious

having both reproductive organs in the same individual

monocots

one seed leaf, flower parts in multiples of 3, leaves with venation of vascular tissue

eudicots

2 seed leaves, flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5, leaves with netlike venation

embryo sac

mature female gametophyte, 2 antipodals, 2 polar nuclei, egg, synergids

double fertilization

one sperm fertilizes egg to make zygote; other fertilizes polar bodies to make 3N endosperm (used for food)

Androecium (flowers)

stamens, male

Gynoecium (flowers)

Carpels, female

Complete flowers contain

calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium

perfect flowers have both

androecium and gynoecium

connation

fusing within whorl