Values Education and Ethics Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering human intellect and will, dignity, values, virtues, faith, financial stewardship, and disaster preparedness based on the lecture transcript.

Vincible Ignorance (Kamangmangan na Nadaraig)

A type of ignorance that can be overcome through effort, study, and proper action.

Invincible Ignorance (Kamangmangan na Hindi Nadaraig)

A type of ignorance that cannot be overcome or avoided despite reasonable effort.

Intellect (Isip)

The mental faculty with the capacity to think, analyze, and judge, whose function is understanding and whose goal is Truth (Katotohanan).

Will (Kilos-Loob)

The human faculty with the power to choose and act, which relies on information from the intellect and whose goal is Goodness (Kabutihan).

Animal Behavior vs. Human Behavior

Animals act out of instinct for survival, whereas humans are driven by intellect and will, possessing self-determination and moral capability.

Self-Determining Being

The concept that human beings have freedom of choice, personal responsibility, and inherent dignity rather than acting like pre-programmed robots.

Prudence (Maingat na Paghuhusga)

Practical wisdom that involves choosing the correct means to achieve a good end.

Four Directions of Right Decision-Making

The four core values guiding proper moral choices: Truth (Katotohanan), Goodness (Kabutihan), Responsibility (Pananagutan), and Love (Pagmamahal).

Human Dignity (Dignidad)

The intrinsic, unchangeable worth of every human being requiring respect, derived from the Latin word 'dignitas' (from 'dignus', meaning worthy).

Saint Thomas Aquinas on Dignity

The principle that humans possess dignity because they are created in the image of God and endowed with intellect and freedom.

Reputation vs. Dignity

Reputation is based on the external perception of others, whereas dignity is inherent to being human and cannot be raised or lowered by status, gender, or race.

Immanuel Kant on Personhood

The view that a human's unique nature lies in their personhood ('pagka-persona'), which represents the unity of their intellect and actions.

Max Scheler on Love

The philosophy stating that love is the primary foundation behind all human actions and motives.

Values (Pagpapahalaga)

Guiding principles or standards indicating what is considered important, right, and desirable by an individual or society, derived from Latin 'valere' (to be strong).

Virtue

Derived from the Latin word 'virtus' (strength), it is the repeated habit of doing good and practicing moral excellence.

Letter of Strength (Liham ng Kalakasan)

A self-addressed letter containing core values and pledges that serves as a personal anchor during difficult situations or self-doubt.

Integrity

The practice of acting in alignment with moral principles and honesty even when no one is watching.

Temperance (Pagtitimpi)

The virtue of exercise of self-control to avoid hasty, impulsive, or reckless reactions.

Faith (Pananampalataya)

A spiritual connection and firm belief in a higher power or religion that gives purpose, direction, and hope.

C.S. Lewis on Faith

The concept that faith is a devotion that strengthens human intellect and thinking rather than a blind obedience.

Thriftiness (Pagtitipid)

The careful management and efficient use of money and resources to prevent waste.

Saving (Pag-iimpok)

The act of setting aside a portion of income or money for future needs or emergencies.

Good Stewardship (Mabuting Katipala)

Wise, responsible management and care of resources entrusted by God.

24-Hour Rule

A spending control method where one waits 24 hours before purchasing non-essential items to prevent impulsive buying.

70-20-10 Rule

A budgeting guideline for managing income divided between expenses, savings, and other allocations.

Disaster (Kalamidad)

Natural or human-made events causing severe damage to life, property, and livelihoods while disrupting society.

Typhoon (Bagyo)

A circulating weather system featuring strong winds, lightning, and prolonged heavy rainfall.

Flood (Baha)

The overflow of water beyond the natural capacity of rivers or drainage systems onto dry land.

Earthquake (Lindol)

A sudden and rapid shaking of the ground caused by fault movement in the Earth's crust, classified as tectonic or volcanic.

Volcanic Eruption (Pagputok ng Bulkan)

A natural hazard involving the release of lava, ash, and gases from a volcanic crater.

Tsunami

Large ocean waves triggered by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, meteorite impacts, or nuclear explosions.

Fire Hazard (Sunog)

The rapid and uncontrollable spread of fire caused by faulty wiring, unattended electrical devices, lit candles, or stoves.