Cognitive Psychology - Paying Attention

What is Dichotic listening?

the ability to block out one channel and only pay attention to the attended channel

What is the cocktail party effect?

the ability to block out noise and pay attention only to your own conversation

What inputs can always get through in the unattended channels?

ones name, things of personal importance, and emotionally powerful words (rape)

Is attention important to remembering?

Yes, you have to pay attention to remember things

Is perception effortless?

No, perception takes work

What is change blindness?

the inability to detect change in scenes

What is early selection?

the attended input is privileged and unattended input gets little to no analysis

What is late selection?

when selection takes place after analysis

Is there a connection between attention and perception?

yes, attention can change what we perceive

What is selective priming?

when you prepare yourself for a stimulus and prime the detectors

What is stimuli priming?

when a stimulus primes your detectors and it takes no effort on the individuals part

What is expectation priming?

when the individual intentionally primes their detectors and it takes resources on the individuals part

What is spatial attention?

where the individual looks for a stimuli

What parts of the brain contributes attention control?

the frontal and parietal cortex

Are benefits of attention before or after eye movement?

prior to eye movement

Does feature binding require attention?

Yes, feature binding involves attention

Is it easier to search for a combination of features or one stand out feature?

it is easier to search for one stand out feature

Define divided attention.

focusing on multiple tasks or inputs at the same time

Can an individual read and talk at the same time?

No, reading and talking both require language resources and you cannot perform two tasks that require the same resource

What is a draw back of divided attention?

it takes attention away from all tasks so you cannot fully focus on anything

What does the response selector do?

coordinates timing of activities

What is executive control?

sets goals and priorities, chooses strategies and directs the function of cognitive processes

What is preservation error?

continuing on habit even when you know it's wrong

What is goal neglect?

failure to behave in a way to attain your goal

Does practice influence resource demand?

practice leads to fewer resources needed to complete the task

Is there executive control with habits?

No, executive control is not needed with habits

How often do you need the response selector?

once

What does practice do to divided attention?

makes it easier

What does practice do to habits?

takes away control of them

What is automaticity?

mental reflexes

What are controlled tasks?

not practiced or varied situations

What are automatic tasks?

familiar to develop a routine

What is stroop interference?

say word instead of the color of the word