Chemistry, State of matter

September 2024

Sublimation

Solid to gas

Melting

Solid to liquid

Evaporation

Liquid to gas

Freezing

Liquid to solid

Condensation

Gas to liquid

Explain what happens to the solid particles when they turn into liquid

At a certain temperature during melting, kinetic energy is produced and causes particles to vibrate more and break free from each other

Explain what happens to the liquid particles when they turn into gas

At a certain temperature during evaporation, kinetic energy is produced and causes particles to move faster and break their bonds

Explain the arrangement of particles in solids

Solid particles are held in a fixed positions due to the strong forces of attraction between particles. Solids have a defined shape and volume

Explain the arrangement of particles in liquids

Liquid particles are randomly arranged and free to move past each other due to the weak forces of attraction between particles. Liquids have a defined volume but not a fixed shape

Explain the arrangement of particles in gases

Gas particles are free to move far away from each other due to the very weak forces of attraction between particles. Gases have no defined volume or shape

Explain how substances can change states

Substances change state because of an increase in temperature increases kinetic energy and when there’s enough kinetic energy bonds can be broken