B1.1.11 Triglycerides in adipose tissues

what is the function/role of triglycerides?

• used for energy storage in plants and animals

• stores excess calories from food in adipose tissue for later use

• transports dietary fats

adipose tissue

type of connective tissue that stores lipids in the body, mainly functioning in energy storage

what properties of triglycerides make them idea for long-term energy storage?

• very chemically stable - energy is not lost over time

• repels water - naturally forms water droplets in the cytoplasm, does not affect cell’s water balance / osmotic effect

• releases twice as much energy per gram during cell respiration as carbohydrate therefore take up less weight - important for animals that rely on flight

what other useful functions does adipose tissue have?

• poor conductors of heat - acts as thermal insulators in animals, conserving body heat, generally slows down the loss of heat

• liquid at body temperature, acting as shock absorber around important organs

• animals in cold habitats have very thick layers of adipose tissues (blubber)

functions and uses of fats and lipids

• energy source - uses glycerol and fatty acids to produce energy

• used as solvents for vitamins E,D,A,K - non-polar vitamins, insoluble in water but soluble in lipids

• adipose tissue can be used as insulator + shock absorber

• healthy polyunsaturated fats can help lower harmful cholesterol levels

• omega-6 + omega-3 have many health benefits

what are the health benefits of omega-6 and omega-3

• improved brain + heart function

• skin elasticity + hydration

• anti-inflammation

how/where are fats absorbed in the body?

dietary fats are absorbed into the lymph in the lymphatic system connected to the intestinal system - not directly into the bloodstream