american yawp ex1

Taylorism attempted to use scientific principles to better handle which aspect of business? a. Marketing b. Management c. Accounting d. Industrial production

✅ Industrial production - This management theory focuses on improving efficiency through scientific analysis of labor operations.

What most directly explains the boost in production of McCormick reapers? a. The turn to skilled labor b. Increased international demand c. The adoption of interchangeable parts d. Government loans

✅ The adoption of interchangeable parts - This manufacturing innovation allowed for faster assembly and repair, boosting production levels.

By 1913, the United States produced one-third of the world’s industrial output. This was more than __________. a. Britain b. France c. Germany d. All of the above combined

✅ All of the above combined - This statistic illustrates the unprecedented industrial growth of the United States compared to other leading industrial nations.

A wave of mergers peaked between 1897 and 1904. The largest of these mergers created the first billion-dollar American corporation. What was that corporation? a. United States Steel b. Standard Oil c. General Electric d. American Tobacco

✅ United States Steel - Created from the consolidation of multiple steel companies, it became the first American corporation to reach a billion-dollar valuation.

By 1900, the richest ten percent controlled perhaps _______ percent of the nation’s wealth. a. 50% b. 66% c. 75% d. 90%

✅ 90% - This indicates a significant concentration of wealth among the top tier of society, revealing stark economic disparities.

Which of the following most accurately describes the arguments of Social Darwinism? a. State welfare and private charity would lead to degeneration by perpetuating the survival of the weak b. Religion was a force of weakness that modern society will inevitably eradicate c. Scientific ideas are the only source of true knowledge, therefore theories are just as valuable as facts d. Inequalities in wealth would lead to social unrest and eventual revolution

✅ State welfare and private charity would lead to degeneration by perpetuating the survival of the weak - This philosophy applied the concept of natural selection to justify social inequalities.

Which of the following events most seriously damaged the Knights of Labor? a. Great Railroad Strike of 1877 b. Haymarket Affair c. Election of Rutherford B. Hayes d. Strike against Jay Gould’s railroad lines

✅ Haymarket Affair - This incident involved a violent clash during a labor rally, which adversely affected public perception of labor movements.

Which of the following groups was the most radical? a. Knights of Labor b. American Federation of Labor c. Congress of Industrial Organizations d. United Auto Workers Union

✅ United Auto Workers Union - Known for its aggressive advocacy for workers' rights and social justice, distinguishing it from more conservative unions.

The final two decades of the nineteenth century saw over _________ strikes and lockouts. a. 500 b. 1,200 c. 8,000 d. 20,000

✅ 20,000 - This high number of labor actions reflects the rising tension between workers and management during a period of rapid industrialization.

Which group founded the People’s Party (also known as the Populists)? a. Small farmers in the South, Midwest, and Great Plains b. Northeastern union laborers c. Asian immigrants d. African Americans in northern cities

✅ Small farmers in the South, Midwest, and Great Plains - The People's Party was established in response to the economic challenges faced by agrarian communities.

What did the Populists propose in the Omaha Platform? a. Nationalizing the country’s railroad and telegraph systems b. Establishment of a network of federally-managed warehouses (subtreasuries) c. Promoted an inflationary monetary policy by monetizing silver d. All of the above

✅ All of the above - These proposals aimed to support farmers and working-class Americans by reforming economic and political systems.

Why were southerners unable to maintain unity in the People’s Party? a. Lack of coordination b. Racial conflict c. Economic depression d. Ideological conflict between leaders of the party

✅ Racial conflict - Disagreements along racial lines hindered solidarity, particularly between white and black members.

Why did William Jennings Bryan attack the Gold Standard? a. He owned a controlling interest in a silver mining firm b. He wanted to decrease inflation to stabilize the economy c. He wanted to increase inflation to lower the burden of farmers’ debts d. He believed that the Gold Standard was inhibiting American exports

✅ He wanted to increase inflation to lower the burden of farmers’ debts - Bryan advocated for bimetallism as a way to ease financial pressures on farmers.

Which of the following factors contributed to William McKinley’s victory over William Jennings Bryan in the 1896 election? a. McKinley had greater support in the population-dense northeast b. McKinley was able to spend five times more than Bryan on the campaign c. Bryan’s campaign was unable to generate the high voter turnout in areas of their support d. All of the above

✅ All of the above - McKinley's campaign strategy and resources proved decisive in winning the election.

The Socialist Party of America achieved which of the following gains in the early twentieth century? a. Elected over 1,000 candidates to American political offices b. Gained over 150,000 registered members c. Garnered nearly one million votes for Socialist Party presidential candidate Eugene Debs in 1912 d. All of the above

✅ All of the above - These accomplishments demonstrate the party's growing influence and support in American politics during this period.

What was Frederick Jackson Turner’s “Frontier Thesis?”
a. An argument that European socialism had created an opportunity for the United States to create an international empire
b. American culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit
c. The belief that Manifest Destiny was an immoral reading of scripture
d. All of the above

American culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit

The Homestead Act granted official title to 160-acre plots of land after how many years of settlement?
a. One year
b. Two years
c. Five years
d. Seven years

5 yrs

What economic opportunity drew the most migrants to the West?
a. Railroad work
b. Gold mining
c. Military work as Indian fighters
d. Access to land for agriculture

Access to land for agriculture

The Dakota Uprising of 1862 began with what event?
a. Civil War Era reforms to western Indian policy
b. The death of five white settlers at the hands of four young Santee men
c. A Sioux ambush at Redwood Ferry
d. Governor Alexander Ramsay’s new use of the militia to disarm Sioux hunters

The death of five white settlers at the hands of four young Santee men

How did President Lincoln respond to the Sioux Uprising? a. Attempted to commute the sentences of captured Indians in order to maintain peace
b. Ordered the execution of 303 by hanging
c. Demanded the surrender of Sioux territory in Minnesota
d. Create a new alliance with Taoyateduta (known to Americans as Little Crow) in order to eliminate future conflicts

Ordered the execution of 303 by hanging

What did the United States demand from the Comanche leading to the Red River War?
a. They had no demands. The official policy of the U.S. government was to call for the extinction of the Comanche
b. The Comanche were instructed to worship the Christian God and renounce their traditional spiritual practices
c. The United States demanded that the Comanche settle on government reservations
d. The Red River War did not involve the Comanche

The United States demanded that the Comanche settle on government reservations

How was the transcontinental railroad funded?
a. Wealthy private business owners
b. Public stock offerings
c. Grants and loans from the federal government
d. Bonds sold to foreign investors

Grants and loans from the federal government

What was the purpose of Western cattle drives?
a. To avoid the cold of winter on the Great Plains and the heat of summer in Texas
b. To bring cattle to eastern markets, mostly through railroad hubs
c. To minimize the destruction of fields that resulted from over-grazing
d. To avoid hostile Indian bands

To bring cattle to eastern markets, mostly through railroad hubs

Most practices and objects associated with American cowboys were modified from ______ ranchers.
a. Mexican
b. Native American
c. African
d. British-Canadian

Mexican

Which city served as the most important railroad hub, connecting the East and the West?
a. St. Louis
b. Chicago
c. Cincinnati
d. Memphis

Chicago

Which group received more land from the government?
a. Homesteading families
b. Railroad companies
c. Both received nearly equal an equal amount
d. Neither group received land from the government

Railroad companies

What was the purpose of the Dawes General Allotment Act?
a. Splintered vast Native American reservations into individual family homesteads
b. Determined the amount of land that would be given to each major railroad company
c. Modified the original Homestead Act to increase land available to private settlers
d. All of the above

Splintered vast Native American reservations into individual family homesteads

The Paiute prophet Wovoka promised that which of the following would occur if Indians obeyed his instructions and participated in the ceremony that came to be called the Ghost Dance?
a. Dead relatives would return to Earth
b. Drought would end and the buffalo would return
c. Anglo settlers would disappear in an apocalyptic disaster
d. All of the above

All of the above

Approximately what percent of early rodeo contestants were women?
a. There are no indications of women participating in rodeos prior to 1928
b. 1%
c. 5%
d. 10%

5%

What explains the popularity of Wild West shows?
a. Tapped into anxieties about men losing their masculinity in the “softer” world of factory and office work
b. Most Americans believed that Native cultures were disappearing, if not already gone, and felt a sense of urgency to see their dances and hear their songs
c. The Old West seemed an uncomplicated place where the struggle between right and wrong was clear, unlike modern America which seemed increasingly morally complicated.
d. All of the above

All of the above

What was Frederick Jackson Turner’s “Frontier Thesis?”
a. An argument that European socialism had created an opportunity for the United States to create an international empire
b. American culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit
c. The belief that Manifest Destiny was an immoral reading of scripture
d. All of the above

American culture was forged by the struggle between civilized settlers and savage frontier life, giving it a democratic and hardworking spirit

In the late nineteenth century, which American city had the largest meat processing industry?
a. Chicago
b. New York
c. St. Louis
d. Dallas

Chicago

How did railroads transform the American economy?
a. Created a new white-collar middle class of managers
b. Inspired the development of organized labor to meet the needs of a permanent working class
c. Increased the role of government in the economy
d. All of the above

All of the above

Which census first revealed that a majority of Americans were living in cities?
a. 1880
b. 1900
c. 1910
d. 1920

1920

By 1890, in most large northern cities, immigrants and their children amounted to what percent of the population?
a. 20%
b. 33%
c. 50%
d. 60%

50%

All of the following groups provided cultural space for immigrants to maintain their arts, languages, and traditions EXCEPT:
a. Rotary clubs
b. Workmen’s clubs
c. Mutual-aid societies
d. Parish churches

Rotary clubs

Immigrant Americans tended to vote for which political party?
a. Democratic Party
b. Republican Party
c. Progressive Party
d. Immigrant voters were nearly equally divided in their party allegiance

a. Democratic Party

All of the following statements regarding the boosters of the New South are true EXCEPT:
a. They saw economic independence as a means of limiting connections between North and South
b. They embraced industrialization as a tool to encourage economic development
c. They were exclusively white and sought to maintain the racial status quo
d. They sought to move away from the South’s dependence on cotton, believing that agricultural diversification would lead to economic development

They saw economic independence as a means of limiting connections between North and South

From 1880 to 1950, approximately _______ African Americans were murdered by white mobs.
a. 139
b. 345
c. 870
d. 5,000

5,000

_______________ wrote an influential book, Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases, and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement.a. Ida Tarbell
b. Ida B. Wells
c. Lincoln Steffens
d. Booker T. Washington

b. Ida B. Wells

What tactics were used to disenfranchise black voters?
a. Poll taxes
b. Literacy tests
c. Violence and intimidation
d. All of the above

All of the above

What was the Lost Cause?
a. A belief that the South could never have won the war because northern soldiers exerted greater virtue and courage
b. A glorification of the memory of the Confederacy and a romanticization of the Old South as a pastoral land with benevolent masters and happy slaves
c. The belief among northerners that southerners would never accept racial equality
d. All of the above

b. A glorification of the memory of the Confederacy and a romanticization of the Old South as a pastoral land with benevolent masters and happy slaves

What was the most important aspect of the southern economy in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
a. Agriculture
b. Textile mills
c. Tobacco production
d. Furniture making

Agriculture

What was the “tainted money debate?”
a. A widely publicized debate between Pennsylvania Senate candidates that questioned whether American industrial development damaged American liberty
b. The decision whether the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions would accept a large donation by John D. Rockefeller
c. The title of a series of essays written by Jacob Riis that exposed corruption in New York City government
d. Debates over whether the United States currency should be backed by the gold standard

b. The decision whether the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions would accept a large donation by John D. Rockefeller

Which of the following statements regarding “muscular Christianity” are true?
a. Motivated by a fear that the country had become a nation of emasculated men
b. Sought to stiffen young men’s backbones by putting them in touch with their primal manliness
c. Built summer camps and gymnasiums where young American men could strengthen their bodies and spirits
d. All of the above

All of the above

Which of these authors criticized Victorian-era gender norms?
a. Charlotte Perkins Gilman
b. Kate Chopin
c. Both of these
d. Neither of these

Answer: c. Both of these