AP Psychology Unit 1 (Endocrine System-Neuroanatomy)

What is the system of the endocrine system

Chemical communication

What does the endocrine system regulate

Growth, metabolism, mood

What controls the pituitary gland?


Hypothalamus

What is the pituitary gland often referred to as?


Master gland

What hormone does the adrenal cortex release for stress?


ACTH

What do the adrenal glands release?

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?


Boosts energy

What does leptin regulate?


Hunger and energy

What does ghrelin signal

Hunger

What hormone regulates sleep

Melatonin

What role does oxytocin play?


Social activity

What type of drug is alcohol classified as?


CNS depressant

What effect does alcohol have on dopamine?


Decreases dopamine

What are some effects of alcohol consumption?


Dizziness, slurred speech, impaired judgment

What are barbiturates classified as?


CNS depressants

What are some effects of barbiturates?


Anxiety, death, highly addictive

What do tranquilizers do?


Reduce anxiety

What is caffeine classified as?


CNS stimulant

What are some effects of caffeine?


Irritability, anxiety, insomnia

What do amphetamines increase?


Body temperature, heart rate, dopamine

What are some effects of amphetamines?


Addiction, euphoria, motor dysfunction

What is cocaine classified as?


CNS stimulant

What are some effects of cocaine?


Increased mental activity, addiction

What is the oldest part of the brain to develop?


Hindbrain

What structures make up the hindbrain?


Cerebellum, medulla, pons

What is the function of the cerebellum?


Muscle coordination and balance

What does the brain stem control?

Involuntary actions

What is the function of the pons?


Passes neural information

What system is the limbic system associated with?

Emotions

What structures make up the limbic system?


Thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus

What is the function of the thalamus?

Processes sensory information

What does the hippocampus do?


Processes and integrates memories

What emotions does the amygdala regulate?


Anger, frustration, fear

What does the hypothalamus control?


Temperature, water balance, hunger, sex drive

What happens if the ventromedial hypothalamus is damaged?


Obesity or death due to starvation

What does the cerebral cortex control?


Thinking, planning, language, motor use

What does the left side of the brain process?


Language and right visual information

What is the role of the right side of the brain?


Processes left visual information

What is the function of the thalamus in sensory processing?


Acts as a relay station for sensory info

What is the role of the cerebellum in movement?


Coordinates muscle movements and balance

What is the function of the limbic system?


Regulates emotions and memory

What is the role of the cerebral cortex in higher functions?


Involved in thinking and planning