Unit 1 vocabulary(history)

abolition

the act of doing away with something

Aristocracy

a high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence

Bureaucracy

an organized group of hired officials, especially governmental

Capitalism

a competitive economic system in which products and production on means are owned by individuals or private groups

Commodity

something with a practical use or value

Confucianism

the ethical teachings of Confucius, which emphasize reverence for ancestors, devo:on to family and friends, cul:va:on and discipline of the mind, and social responsibility

Conquistador

a Spanish conqueror of the sixteenth century

Credit

an agreement in which a borrower is given goods or services with the promise to pay at a later date

Demographic

a way to describe a group of people based on things like their age, gender, income, education, or where they live

Indentured servitude

a system where people worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to a new place, food, or shelter

Janissary

an Ottoman sultan’s elite corps of soldiers; a member of the Ottoman sultan's guard

Laissez-faire

an economic policy or doctrine that opposes government interference in or regula(on of business or commerce beyond what is necessary for a free-enterprise system to regulate itself

Mercantilism

the doctrine, developed in the West after the decline of feudalism, that a nation's economy could be strengthened by governmental protection on of home industries, by increased foreign exports, and by accumulating gold and silver

Mestizo

a person of mixed European and Indigenous ancestry

Plantation system

a capitalist economic system dependent on enslaved labor

Racial inferiority

he false belief that one race is naturally better or worse than another

Syncretism

an attempted combination or reconciliation of opposing principles, beliefs, or practices, especially in religion or philosophy

Triangular trade

a trade system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas where goods, enslaved people, and raw materials were exchange

Viceroyalty

the territory or jurisdiction of a viceroy (the appointed governor of a colony, country, or province, who serves as the representative of the sovereign)