Personality - Chpt. 11 - Motives and Personality

What is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) used for?

It is used to measure various psychological needs, except for the need for self

Which motive is characterized by a strong desire to have an impact on others?

Power motive.

True or False: Compared to men, women tend to possess significantly lower levels of the need for power.

False.

Which group of students scores significantly higher on the need for achievement?

Small business students compared to economics students.

What motive is associated with being described as not self-centered?

Intimacy

What was NOT included in the 'Fundamental Social Motives Inventory'?

Self-esteem

Which characteristic is NOT typical of self-actualized individuals?

They tend to have a large group of close friends

What are 'conditions of worth' according to Rogers?

Standards set by parents that children feel they must meet to be valued.

In empathy training research, which gender initially scores higher?

Women.

What need was added to the 2010 renovated hierarchy of needs?

Parenting.

What are motives in motivational psychology?

Internal states that arouse and direct behavior toward goals, caused by a deficit or lack of something.

What happens to tension as needs are satisfied?

Tension is reduced.

According to Murray's Theory of Needs, how do needs influence perception?

Needs organize perception and guide us to see what we want or need to see.

What are the categories of fundamental human needs proposed by Murray?

Ambition, status defense, social power, and social affection.

What is the difference between implicit and explicit motives?

Implicit motives are unconscious desires that predict long-term behavioral trends. Explicit motives predict responses to immediate situations, choices, & attitudes.

What is the need for achievement (nAch)?

A preference for activities that involve moderate challenges, personal responsibility, and feedback.

What does a high need for power (nPow) entail?

A desire to have control over situations and other people.

How do high nPow men typically behave?

They may act impulsively and aggressively.

What is the need for intimacy (nInt)?

A preference for warm, close, communicative interactions.

Which gender tends to have a higher need for intimacy?

Women, on average.

What does the humanistic tradition emphasize?

Free will, conscious awareness, choice, and personal responsibility.

What are the characteristics of self-actualizing individuals according to Maslow?

Realizing full potential and becoming the best version of oneself; Achieving peak experiences, self-fulfillment, creativity, and personal growth

What is a 'fully functioning person' in Rogers' humanistic therapy?

A person moving toward self-actualization

What are the two types of positive regard identified by Rogers?

Conditional and unconditional positive regard.