Gas Exchange Concepts from Campbell Biology Chapter 42

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to gas exchange as discussed in Campbell Biology, Chapter 42.

Gas Exchange

The process that occurs across specialized respiratory surfaces to supply oxygen for cellular respiration and dispose of carbon dioxide.

Partial Pressure

The pressure exerted by a particular gas in a mixture of gases.

Ventilation

The movement of respiratory medium (air or water) over the respiratory surface.

Countercurrent Exchange System

A system where blood flows in the opposite direction to water passing over the gills, maximizing oxygen absorption.

Tracheal System

A system of tiny branching tubes in insects that supply oxygen directly to body cells.

Positive Pressure Breathing

A method of breathing where air is forced into the lungs, common in amphibians like frogs.

Negative Pressure Breathing

A method of breathing where air is pulled into the lungs, typical in mammals.

Surfactants

Secretions that coat the inside of the alveoli to reduce surface tension and prevent collapsing.

Hemoglobin

A respiratory pigment in red blood cells that transports oxygen; it can carry four molecules of O2 per molecule.

Bohr Shift

A phenomenon where increasing CO2 levels decrease hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, enhancing oxygen delivery to tissues.