Amsco 5.1

Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Women

Argued for equal education for women to reduce dependence on men; key in women's rights movement and helped women gain the right to vote in England in 1928.

Olympe de Gouges’s Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the Female Citizen

French writer who advocated for women's equality and citizen rights during the French Revolution, emphasizing Enlightenment ideals.

Seneca Falls Conference

First women's rights convention in 1848, where activists demanded women’s suffrage and rights, marking a significant event in the women's rights movement.

Nationalism

Intense loyalty to a group sharing the same language and culture, leading to desires for independent states and breaking up multiethnic empires.

Empiricism

Belief that knowledge comes from sensory experience; emphasized by Francis Bacon, contrasting with reasoning based on tradition or religion.

Social Contract

Theory where individuals give up some rights for a functioning government that provides law and order.

Thomas Hobbes

Philosopher who believed in a social contract for a better life; wrote 'Leviathan' proposing a view of humans in a bleak natural state.

John Locke

Philosopher who supported the right to revolt against unjust governments and introduced 'natural rights' in 'Two Treatises of Government'.

Philosophes

Thinkers of the Enlightenment who explored new social, political, and economic ideas, following the scientific approaches of earlier centuries.

Conservatism

Philosophy favoring traditional institutions and practices, relying on practical experience over ideological theories.

Socialism

Economic system where the means of production are owned collectively by the people.

Utopian Socialism

Socialism aiming to create ideal communities as models to improve society.

Zionism

Movement for establishing a Jewish homeland in the Middle East in response to anti-Semitism and the desire for independence.

Abolitionism

Movement aimed at ending the Atlantic slave trade and freeing enslaved individuals.

Dreyfus Affair

Political scandal involving a Jewish officer wrongly convicted of treason, highlighting anti-Semitism in France.

Feminism

Advocacy for women's rights, emphasizing equal opportunities in education, voting, and legal status.

Classical Liberalism

Political ideology emphasizing individual rights, constitutional government, and limited government intervention in the economy.