PYSCH 250 Chapter 12 - Adolescent Identity, Self-Esteem, and Moral Development

Self Concept

Complex, abstract understanding of oneself in adolescence.

Self Esteem

Generally increases with supportive relationships during adolescence.

Identity

Organized self-conception of values, beliefs, and goals.

Identity Achievement

Commitment to self-chosen values and goals.

Identity Role Confusion

Failure to consolidate a coherent identity.

Exploration

Experimentation with different identities during adolescence.

Ethnic Identity

Sense of belonging to an ethnic group.

Bicultural Identity

Integration of ethnic and mainstream cultural values.

Identity Formation Process

Gradual and complex development of personal identity.

Hierarchical Identities

Some identities hold more significance than others.

Intersectional Identities

Overlap of identities creating unique personal experiences.

Contextual Identity

Identity influenced by specific environments or situations.

Moratorium

Exploration phase without firm commitments to values.

Foreclosure

Commitment to goals chosen by others without exploration.

Diffusion

Lack of commitment or exploration of values.

Kohlberg's Moral Reasoning

Framework for understanding moral decision-making stages.

Preconventional Morality

Morality based on external control and punishment avoidance.

Conventional Morality

Guided by laws and social norms in moral reasoning.

Postconventional Morality

Based on universal ethical principles and justice.

Individuation

Emotional separation from parents during adolescence.

Adolescent Depression

Common psychological issue characterized by sadness and irritability.

Gender Differences in Depression

Females may experience depression due to societal roles.

Adolescent Suicide

Serious risk associated with mental health issues in teens.

Xia, Coffey, and Fosco Study

Research on parental love's impact on adolescent well-being.