Test 1

Igneous rocks

Rocks that form from volcanic activity when magma cools and solidifies.

Sedimentary rocks

Rocks formed from accumulated particles of sand and rock transported by wind, rivers, and ice.

Metamorphic rocks

Rocks that are altered from existing igneous or sedimentary rocks due to heat and pressure.

Glacial transportation

The movement of materials by glaciers as they advance, carrying broken rocks to different locations.

Moraine

Any material carried or moved by a glacier, categorized based on location.

Freeze-thaw weathering

A process where water enters rock cracks, freezes, expands, and causes the rock to break down.

Roche moutonnée

A rock formation with a steep, jagged face created by plucking on the sloping side.

Erratics

Rocks deposited by glaciers that differ from local geology, indicating previous glacial movement.

Drumlins

Mounds of deposited moraine shaped by glaciers, typically with a steep side and a sloping side.

Granite batholith

An area of slowly cooled molten rock within the Earth's crust, resulting in large crystal formations.

Limestone pavement

A flat expanse of limestone where joints have widened and blocks have been exposed, often featuring grykes and clints.

Chemical weathering

The process that dissolves limestone when it reacts with slightly acidic rainwater.

South Downs National Park

A region with significant chalk grassland suitable for farming and diverse wildlife.

Freeze-thaw cycles

Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing causing larger cracks in rocks, eventually breaking off pieces.

Characteristics of limestone

Limestone is a sedimentary rock primarily composed of calcium carbonate with a block-like structure.

Bulldozing

The process where rocks and debris are pushed downhill by the force of moving glaciers.

Abrasion

The wearing down of rocks as a glacier moves, scraping against the bedrock beneath.

Lateral moraine

Material deposited along the sides of a glacier.

Medial moraine

Material deposited in the middle of a glacier, formed from the merging of two lateral moraines.

Terminal moraine

Material deposited at the end of a glacier.

Ground moraine

An irregular blanket of till deposited under a glacier, composed of clay and sand.

South Downs farming

Farming practices in the South Downs include grazing on chalk grassland and arable farming on south-facing slopes.

Weald region

An upland area in southern Britain, characterized by an anticline of folded rocks and weathered strata.