Tv class

Extreme Close-Up (ECU)

A very tight shot that shows fine detail (eyes, hands, objects) to emphasize emotion or importance.

Close-Up (CU)

Frames a subject's face or a specific detail, focusing attention and emotion.

Medium Shot (MS)

Frames a subject from the waist up; balances subject detail and surroundings.

Over-the-Shoulder Shot (OTS)

Shot taken from behind one subject, looking over their shoulder at another subject.

Rule of Thirds

Composition guideline dividing the frame into a 3x3 grid; placing subjects along lines or intersections creates visual balance.

Index Vectors

Visual lines or directions in a shot that guide the viewer's eye toward a subject or point of interest.

Figure/Ground Principle

The relationship between a subject (figure) and its background (ground), ensuring the subject stands out clearly.

Lighting Board Operation

The control of lighting levels, cues, and transitions using a lighting console.

Key Light

The main light source illuminating the subject.

Fill Light

A softer light used to reduce shadows created by the key light.

Back Light

A light placed behind the subject to separate them from the background.

Kicker Light

A small, angled back or side light used to add highlights and depth.

Spotlight

A focused beam of light used to highlight a specific subject or area.

Fresnel Light

A studio light with adjustable focus, producing a soft or hard beam.

Color Temperature

The warmth or coolness of light, measured in Kelvin (K).

Switcher System Operation

The process of selecting and transitioning between video sources during a live or recorded production.

Audio Board Operation

Controlling audio levels, mixing sources, and managing sound quality.

Recording Deck Operation

Using a device to record video and audio signals during production.

Boom Microphone

A directional microphone mounted on a pole, used to capture dialogue while staying out of frame.

XLR Cable

A professional audio cable that carries balanced audio signals.

Lavalier (LAV) Microphone

A small, clip-on microphone worn by talent for hands-free audio.

Audio Chain

The path audio follows from microphone to recording or output device.

Eye-Level Angle

Camera placed at subject's eye level, creating a neutral perspective.

High Angle

Camera placed above the subject, making them appear smaller or weaker.

Low Angle

Camera placed below the subject, making them appear larger or more powerful.

Bird's-Eye View

Camera positioned directly overhead.

Worm's-Eye View

Camera positioned very low, looking upward.

Pan

Horizontal camera movement from left to right or right to left.

Track (Dolly)

Camera movement that physically moves the camera forward, backward, or sideways.

Zoom

Adjusting the lens to magnify or widen the image without moving the camera.

Tilt

Vertical camera movement up or down.

Script Formatting

The standardized layout of scripts, including dialogue, action, and scene headings.

Producer

Oversees the entire production and manages logistics.

Director

Guides creative vision and directs cast and crew.

Camera Operator

Operates the camera during production.

Audio Technician

Responsible for capturing and monitoring sound.

Lighting Technician

Sets up and controls lighting equipment.

Mise-en-Scène

Everything visible within the frame, including setting, lighting, costumes, and actor placement.

Camera Blocking

Planning camera placement and movement in relation to actor movement and scene action.