Human Geography Europe

what countries are the alps in

Austria, Italy, France, Switzerland, Germany, Slovenia, Liechtenstein, Monaco

how do the Alps impact the country

they create distinct climate zones by blocking cold and warm air, freshwater, hydroelectric energy, sports

what countries are the pyrenees in

spain, Franch, Andorra

The Pyrenees impact the country’s by

acting like a border which isolates the countries

what countries are the Apennies in

Italy, dividing Italy into 2 parts (North, South)

how do the Appenines impact the country

used for agriculture but there are many earthquakes

where are the Alps located

where are the Pyrenees located

where are the Apennine located

where is the Baltic Sea

where is Mediterranean Sea

where is the Danube river

where is the North Sea

where is the Black Sea

that countries are near the Baltic Sea

Sweden, finland, russia, estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Germany, and Denmark

what is the Baltic Sea used for

its used as an ice port, and connects to the sea

what country are near the Mediterranean Sea

it is bordered by 21 countries (Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Malta, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovnia, Albania, Greece, and Cyprus)

what is the Mediterranean Sea used for

it allows for exchange of trade, ideas, culture and resources, and tourist destinations

what country is the Danube river near

it is near 10 countries (Germany, Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine

what is the second largest river in Europe

Danube river

what is the Danube river used for

it is used for travel and acts as a natural boundary

what countries are near the North Sea

The United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, and France

How does the North Sea impact the country’s

it is rick in natural resources and has massive oil and natural gas reserves

what country are near the Black Sea

Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, and Romania

How does the Black Sea impact countries

It gives landlocked parts of Eastern Europe access to global oceans and has been a focal point of intense military conflict

what is the century of the renaissance

Italy

Scandinavian countries

Norway, Sweden, and Denmark

Nordic countries

Norway, Sweden, and Denmark plus Finland, Iceland, and Greenland

United Kingdom

the actual sovereign country ( The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

British isles

The purely geographic name for the entire group of islands (Includes the UK and the independent Republic of Ireland

Great Britain

The largest island containing three nations England, Scotland, and Wales

Mircrostates of Europe

Tiny independent sovereign states

Examples of micro states

Vatican City, San Marino, Monaco, Andorra, Liechtenstein

Fjords

Long, narrow, deep inlets of the sea bordered by steep cliffs.

how do Fjords form

they were carved out of glaciers during the last ice age and then filled with sea water as the ice melted

Dike

A massive earthen wall or Dam built to keep seawater out

Polder

the actual piece of low lying land that is reclaimed from the sea by building dikes and pumping water out

North Atlantic Drift

A powerful, warm ocean current that extends from the Gulf Stream up past Western Europe, It brings warm moisture and mild temp to western and Northern Europe, keeping places like the UK and Norway much warmer

Largest landform in Europe

The European plain, a massive low flying flat region stretching from western France all the way to Russia

Where does Europe end

the physical boundaries are the rural mountains, the Ural River, the caucasus Mountains, and the Bosporus Strait in Turkey

Languages spoken in different countries

Russian, Germen, French

which country has 3 main languages

Belgium and Switzerland

Where in Europe is Islam prominent

Albania, Kosovo, and Bosnia, and herzegovina

How is Europe changing as a continent

there are more diverse people and people of different ethnicity are moving in

Major Oil reserves of Europe

The North Sea carries an abundance of oil

Capitalism

Economic system based on private ownership of business and a free market ( Supply and Demand

Communism

Extreme System where the government owns all property, businesses, and means of production to eliminate social classes

Socialism

A middle ground focused on social welfare. The government owns or heavily regulates key public services but allows private business

Northern Italy

Highly industrialized, wealthy, urbanized, and home to major financial and manufacturing hubs

Southern Italy

More rural, agricultural, economically underdeveloped, and struggles with higher unemployment

Ethnic cleansing

The systematic forced removal or extermination of an ethnic or religious group

where did ethnic cleaning happen

Bosnia

constitutional Monarchy

a system where a King or queen is the head of state but a parliament makes the laws

Examples of countries that have a constitutional Monarchy

UK, Spain, Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Belgium

what separates Spain and Portugal

The Pyrenees Mountains isolate them

Pros of the European Union

Economic Integration, a single currency for easy trade, open borders for workers, tourists and political stability

Cons of the European Union

Loss of individual national sovereignty, rich countries sometimes have to bail out poorer members, and strict economic regulations from Brussels

causes of conflict in Former Yugoslavia

multiple distinct ethnic religious groups fighting for land to create independent nations

what is the largest empire in Europe

British Empire

Climates of region in Europe

Marine west coast (Western Europe) Mediterranean Climate ( Southern Europe) Humid continental ( eastern and Central Europe) Tundra ( Northern Europe)