Summer Bridge Chemistry- Week 2
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23 Terms
What is an Open System?
A system that allows transfer of both matter and energy between the system and its surroundings.
What is a closed system?
A system that allows transfer of energy but not matter between the system and its surroundings.
what is a isolated system?
A system that does not allow the transfer of matter or energy between the system and its surroundings.
What is the equation for energy
E=mc2
What is the equation for work
W=(f)(d)
Equation for the 1st Law of thermodynamics:
E=q+w
Equation for kenetic Energy:
Ek= (½ Mass)( V2)
Equation for Potential energy:
PE= (mass)(gravity)(Delta Height)
What is matter up of?
subatomic particles that have charge
What are the 2 types of energy associated with Matter
Kinetic & Potential
Energy
The ability or capacity to do work
work
A force applied across a distance
Law of conservation of energy
Matter is neither created nor destroyed. The atoms are simply rearranged to make a product.
Law of definite proportion
All samples of a given compound regardless of the source or how the compound was prepared, the sample will have the same proportion of their constituent elements by mass.
Law of multiple proportions
when 2 elements react to form a compound, the mass of element B that combines with 1.0 g of element A will be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers
what are the 3 primary subatomic particles
protons, nutrons, electrons
What are John Daltons 4 postulates
each element is composed of extremely small particles
all atoms of a given element
atoms of 1 element cannot be changed into atoms of a different element
Compounds are formed when atoms of more than 1 element combine
Entropy
property that measures molecular disorder and energy dispersed within a system
Isotope
atoms of the same element with different mass; contains different number of neutrons but the same number of protons/electrons
what model is this and who made it?
Plum Pudding Model by JJ Thomson
what model is this and who made it?
Rutherford Atomic model by Ernest Rutheford
what model is this and who made it?
Atomic Model by Neils Bohr
What did Ernest Schrödinger discover
electrons have mass
electrons have particle behavior
electrons have wave like properties