grade 8 science

where is salt water and fresh water found

Freshwater is found in glaciers, lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and groundwater. Salt water is found in seas and oceans.

how much salt, fresh, frozen, and other waters are in the earth

96% slat water 1% fresh water 2% frozen water 1% other water

what is a glacier

A glacier is frozen water with sediments and rocks contained in it

Effect of Glacier Movement

Glaciers move and change shape under their weight, creating cracks and influencing the underlying land, leading to erosion and forming features like moraines and fjords.

What are polar ice caps

The polar ice caps are areas of land at the North and South poles that are covered in ice and snow.

what are the UN six goals

The six goals of the UN include ending poverty, ensuring quality education, promoting gender equality, ensuring clean water and sanitation, fostering economic growth, and reducing climate change

What are indigenous perspectives on water

Water is seen as a living being that must be respected and is part of an interconnected whole, emphasizing relationships beyond just human use.

What is the purpose of UNDRIP?

UNDRIP is a global agreement outlining every country's duty to protect the individual, collective, cultural, and human rights of its Indigenous peoples.

What is Water Quality?

A measure of how clean, pure, and safe a water sample is.

What three traits determine water quality?

Physical (like cloudiness), Chemical (like pH), and Biological (like bacteria).

What factors affect water quality?

Natural events (like erosion and storms) and human activities (like pollution and sewage).

What is Potable Water?

Fresh water that is 100% safe for humans to drink.

What is a Contaminant?

Any unwanted substance that makes water dirty or toxic.

Where is most freshwater located?

rozen inside glaciers and ice caps.

what is turbitidy

How cloudy or muddy the water is. High turbidity blocks sunlight from plants

How does warm water affect fish?

Warmer water holds less oxygen, making it hard for fish to breathe.

what is PH

A measure of acidity. Safe water is usually between 6.5 and 8.5.

what is salinity

The amount of salt in water. Quick changes can kill freshwater life.

What do fertilizer nutrients do to water?

ey cause massive algae growth that ruins the ecosystem.

What is Eutrophication?

When too many nutrients trigger an algae bloom that suffocates water life.

What are Bioindicators?

Bugs used to test water health. Mayflies mean clean water; leeches mean dirty water.

What is Point-Source Pollution?

Pollution from one exact spot, like a factory drain pipe.

What is Non-Point Source Pollution?

Pollution from many scattered areas, like rainwater washing oil off city roads

What is Bioremediation?

Using living things (like bacteria) to clean up toxic water spills

what is watershed

An area of land where all water drains into one common river or lake.

How do paved city streets affect a watershed?

Water cannot soak into concrete, causing fast and severe flooding.

: Why do some remote Indigenous communities have Boil Water Advisories

Because they have poor water treatment systems and face pollution from upstream.

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