adjunct II lab quiz 4

what electrical modality is ultra low frequency

microcurrent

what type of current does microcurrent deliver

what electrical modalities are low frequency

TENS

high volt pulsed current (HVPC)

what type of current is low frequency

between 1-1000 Hz

what type of current does TENS deliver

biphasic

what type of current does high volt pulsed current deliver

monophasic

what electrical modalities are medium frequency

true inferferential

pre modulated interferential

russian stimulation

what type of current is medium frequency

> 1000 Hz

what type of current do the medium frequency modalities deliver

biphasic

what are contraindications for electrical modalities

poor cardiac function

pacemakers

arterial disease

uncontrolled hemorrhage

over infection

blood clots - DVT

pelvis and low back during pregnancy

over cancer

exposed metal implants (piercings)

history of seizures

sensory or mental impairment

unstable fractures

what are precautions for electrical modalities

-abdomen and back during menstruation

-over carotid sinus, pharynx, larynx, eyes, trans-cerebral, transthoracic

-epiphyseal plates

what is biphasic current?

alternating current that's pulsed

*where do you place pads when using a biphasic current

pads surrounding area of involvement

separate 2-3 inches

true/false: biphasic current has a polar effect?

false, pads flip-flop on charge

what is monophasic current?

pulsed (direct) current in one direction

*where do you place pads when using a monophasic current

active electrode (red) placed ON area of involvement

passive electrode placed 6-8 inches away from site

what is the polar effect created by monophasic current?

active pad stays the same charge throughout the whole treatment

makes a chemical effect—> attracts the opposite charge ions

what is microcurrent used for

primarily: tissue healing

can also be used for pain control

what is the "current of injury" body reaction

when an injury occurs the polarity of that region switches, inhibiting normal membrane transport, ATP production, and protein synthesis

how does microcurrent support healing

induces a weak current/stimulus at the injured area to generate a response from cells which may include:

-increased ATP and -increased membrane transport and normal flow of nutrients and waste materials

what type of microcurrent is used for tissue healing

monophasic

when using monophasic pad application for tissue healing, what is the polarity of the active electrode for an acute injury

positive

when using monophasic pad application for tissue healing, what is the polarity of the active electrode for a chronic injury

negative

how many days is an acute injury for use of microcurrent

0-9 days

how many days is a chronic injury for use of microcurrent

10 days or more

what frequency is used for microcurrent used for tissue healing

0.5 Hz

what channel does microcurrent come out of

2

what intensity is used for microcurrent for tissue healing

20 microamps (uA)

what type of microcurrent is used for pain relief

biphasic

what is the frequency of microcurrent when used for pain relief

30 Hz

what is the intensity of biphasic microcurrent when used for pain relief

20-500 microamps (uA)

what is the optimal intensity of microcurrent for tissue healing

100 microamps (uA)

how long is microcurrent used for either tissue healing or pain control

15-20 minutes

extra: what is direct current vs alternating current

direct: electrons flow in one direction continuously (used by monophasic)

alternating: continuous movement of electrons bidirectionally (used by biphasic)