Anatomy Long Bone unit 12th grade

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22 Terms

1

Comminuted

Bone breaks into three or more fragments, particularly common in older people whose poems are brittle

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2

Impacted

Broken bone ends are forced into each other commonly occurs when someone attempts to break a fall with out stretched arms

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3

Hematopoiesis

Blood cell formation happens in the bones

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4

Osteon (Haversian system)

A unit of bone containing central canal and matrix rings, structural and functional unit of compact bone

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5

Canaliculi

Tiny cells radiate from the central canal to lacunae, form a transport system, connecting all bone cells to a nutrient supply

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6

Osteoclast

In the endosteum, remove bone from the inner surface of the diaphysis, bone destroying cells, release calcium ions into the blood

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7

Periosteum

Outside covering of the diaphysis, fibrous, connective tissue membrane, perforating (sharpey’s) fibers secure periosteum to underlying bone

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8

Depressed

Broken bone portion is pressed inward typical of skull fracture

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9

Spongy bone

Small needle like pieces of bones, many open spaces

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10

Osteoblast

Bone forming cells, they are in the periosteum and add bone matrix to the diaphysis

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11

Medullary cavity

Cavity inside the shaft contains yellow marrow, mostly fat in adults, contains red marrow for blood cell formation until age 6 or 7

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12

Axial

Forms a longitudinal axis of the body, divided into three parts: the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax

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13

Endosteum

Lines the inner surface of the shaft made of connective tissue

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14

lamellae

Concentric circles of lacunae, situated around the central Haversian canal

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15

Appendicular

Composed of 126 bones: limbs(appendages) , pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle

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16

Diaphysis

Covered by the periosteum, makes up most of bones length, composed of compact bone

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17

Osteocytes

Mature bone cell situated and bone matrix, Lacunae: which are cavities of the bone matrix house this

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18

Spiral

ragged break occurs when excessive to existing forces are applied to bone common in sports fracture

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19

Articular cartilage

Part of a synovial joint, covers the external surface of the epiphyses, made of hyaline cartilage, decreases friction at joint surfaces

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20

Lacunae

Cavities in bone matrix that house Osteocytes

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21

Greenstick

Bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks, common in children, whose bones are more flexible than those of adults

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22

Epiphysis

Composed mostly of spongy bone, enclosed by a thin layer of compact bone, the end of bones

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