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Comminuted
Bone breaks into three or more fragments, particularly common in older people whose poems are brittle
Impacted
Broken bone ends are forced into each other commonly occurs when someone attempts to break a fall with out stretched arms
Hematopoiesis
Blood cell formation happens in the bones
Osteon (Haversian system)
A unit of bone containing central canal and matrix rings, structural and functional unit of compact bone
Canaliculi
Tiny cells radiate from the central canal to lacunae, form a transport system, connecting all bone cells to a nutrient supply
Osteoclast
In the endosteum, remove bone from the inner surface of the diaphysis, bone destroying cells, release calcium ions into the blood
Periosteum
Outside covering of the diaphysis, fibrous, connective tissue membrane, perforating (sharpey’s) fibers secure periosteum to underlying bone
Depressed
Broken bone portion is pressed inward typical of skull fracture
Spongy bone
Small needle like pieces of bones, many open spaces
Osteoblast
Bone forming cells, they are in the periosteum and add bone matrix to the diaphysis
Medullary cavity
Cavity inside the shaft contains yellow marrow, mostly fat in adults, contains red marrow for blood cell formation until age 6 or 7
Axial
Forms a longitudinal axis of the body, divided into three parts: the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax
Endosteum
Lines the inner surface of the shaft made of connective tissue
lamellae
Concentric circles of lacunae, situated around the central Haversian canal
Appendicular
Composed of 126 bones: limbs(appendages) , pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle
Diaphysis
Covered by the periosteum, makes up most of bones length, composed of compact bone
Osteocytes
Mature bone cell situated and bone matrix, Lacunae: which are cavities of the bone matrix house this
Spiral
ragged break occurs when excessive to existing forces are applied to bone common in sports fracture
Articular cartilage
Part of a synovial joint, covers the external surface of the epiphyses, made of hyaline cartilage, decreases friction at joint surfaces
Lacunae
Cavities in bone matrix that house Osteocytes
Greenstick
Bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks, common in children, whose bones are more flexible than those of adults
Epiphysis
Composed mostly of spongy bone, enclosed by a thin layer of compact bone, the end of bones