Psychopathology Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to psychopathology, including mental disorders, diagnosis criteria, treatment options, and specifics concerning schizophrenia and mood disorders.

mental disorders

Persistent disturbance or dysfunction in behavior, thoughts, or emotions that causes significant distress or impairment.

It lists specific criteria that must be present to diagnose with a disorder.

How does the DSM-5-TR assist in diagnosing mental disorders?

The co-occurrence of two or more disorders.

What is comorbidity in the context of mental disorders?

Anxiety and mood disorders, impulse-control and substance abuse.

What are commonly diagnosed mood disorders?

medical model of psychopathology

Conceptualizes abnormal psychological experiences as illnesses with biological and environmental causes, defined symptoms, and possible treatments.

Enlarged lateral ventricles and abnormalities in cortical gray matter

What brain changes are associated with schizophrenia?

Dopamine antagonists that treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

What are first-generation antipsychotics?

40% for monozygotic twins and 20% for dizygotic twins

What are the concordance rates for depression in twins?

Lithium, which has a narrow efficacy window.

What is a major treatment for bipolar disorder?

Women are twice as likely to experience depression, with different help-seeking patterns and hormonal influences.

How does gender differences affect the prevalence of depression?