precision medicine

define precision medicine and it’s role in personalized healthcare

Intended to guide an approach that uses info on people’s genomic, environmental, and lifestyle info to guide decisions related to medical management

-            Goal: provide more precise approach for prevention, diagnosis, + treatment of disease

explain ethical considerations related to genomic testing and gene-therapy research

Twins (if one gets tested the other has same disorders), Huntington’s (knowing they have genes means a parent has gene)

explain how genomic mutations influence targeted cancer therapies

They allow clinicians to tailor cancer treatment to the molecular characteristics of a tumor.

-            When a cancer is HER2-positive, they can use chemo used for breast cancer in that cancer as well

- What barriers limit the integration of genetic data into electronic health records?

Diff hospitals use diff systems, normally don’t support format to record genetic results, limit data standardization, genetic info low priority for most platforms

- What ethical issues were highlighted by past gene-therapy trial events such as Jesse Gelsinger’s case?

-            He owned stock in the company investing in hin

-            Jesse was not aware or fully informed of the side effects 

- How does pharmacogenomic testing improve medication safety?

It improves med safety by using genomic data to predict how an individual will respond to drugs before treatment begins

-            Identifies slow/fast metabolizers of medications – chose safer doses

- How can identifying specific genomic mutations guide individualized cancer treatment?

It helps match patients to treatments that specifically target those mutations – enables precision oncology

- Why is genetic testing important for identifying anesthesia-related risks such as malignant hyperthermia?

Because MH is closely lined to dangerous mutations in the RYR1 gene, which cause excessive calcium release

-            Important bc once anesthesia is given, symptoms occur rapidly

- How do nurses contribute to precision health in everyday clinical practice?

Promote prevention, protect patients, optimize care, collaborate, support research

- How can biomarkers support early detection or prediction of disease?

Example - Low albumin levels: onset of pressure ulcers

-            Biomarkers identify risk before symptoms appear, monitor disease progression w more accuracy

- Why is collecting an accurate three-generation family history essential in nursing care?

Reveals patterns of inheritance that signal need for genetic/omics testing, identifies high-risk families for conditions

- How should nursing education evolve to prepare students for precision health?

Incorporate genetics, genomics, and data science in curriculum