Canine Anatomy Forelimb Intrinsic Muscles

Deltoideus (origin)

spine and acromial process of scapula

Deltoideus (insertion)

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Deltoideus (action)

Flex the shoulder

Deltoideus (innervation)

Axillary nerve

Deltoideus (arterial supply)

Superficial cervical artery, caudal circumflex humeral artery

Infraspinatus (origin)

infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus (insertion)

lateral side of the greater tubercle of the humerus

Infraspinatus (action)

Shoulder flexion, lateral rotation of brachium, stabilize shoulder

Infraspinatus (innervation)

suprascapular nerve

Infraspinatus (arterial supply)

Superficial cervical artery, caudal circumflex humeral artery

Teres minor (origin)

infraglenoid tubercle

Teres minor (insertion)

teres minor tuberosity of humerus

Teres minor (action)

Flex shoulder, rotate shoulder laterally, prevent medial rotation

Teres minor (innervation)

axillary nerve

Teres minor (arterial supply)

Superficial cervical artery, subscapular artery

Supraspinatus (origin)

Supraspinous fossa

Supraspinatus (insertion)

Greater tubercle of humerus, thick tendon

Supraspinatus (action)

Extend and stabilize shoulder joint

Supraspinatus (innervation)

Suprascapular nerve

Supraspinatus (arterial supply)

Superficial cervical artery

Subscapularis (origin)

Subscapular fossa

Subscapularis (insertion)

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Subscapularis (action)

Adduct, extend, and stabilize scapulohumeral joint

Subscapularis (innervation)

Subscapular nerve

Subscapularis (arterial supply)

Subscapular artery

Teres major (origin)

Caudal border from caudal surface of subscapularis

Teres major (insertion)

Teres major tuberosity of humerus

Teres major (action)

flex shoulder, rotate medially

Teres major (innervation)

Axillary nerve

Teres major (arterial supply)

superficial cervical artery, thoracodorsal artery

Coracobrachialis (origin)

coracoid process of scapula

Coracobrachialis (insertion)

Crest of lesser tubercle, proximal to teres major tuberosity

Coracobrachialis (action)

Shoulder extension and adduction, stabilize

Coracobrachialis (innervation)

musculocutaneous nerve

Coracobrachialis (arterial supply)

Caudal circumflex humeral artery

Tensor fasciae antebrachii (origin)

Fascia of lateral latissimus dorsi

Tensor fasciae antebrachii (insertion)

Olecranon

Tensor fasciae antebrachii (action)

extend elbow

Tensor fasciae antebrachii (innervation)

radial nerve

Triceps brachii (origin)

Long: caudal border of scapula; Lateral: tricipital line of humerus; Medial: crest of lesser tubercle; Accessory: neck of humerus

Triceps brachii (insertion)

olecranon tuber/olecranon

Triceps brachii (action)

extend elbow joint, long head helps with shoulder flexion

Triceps brachii (innervation)

Radial nerve

Triceps brachii (arterial supply)

Caudal circumflex humeral artery, collateral ulnar artery

Anconeus (origin)

lateral supracondylar crest, lateral and medial epicondyles

Anconeus (insertion)

lateral surface of olecranon ulna

Anconeus (action)

Extend elbow joint

Anconeus (innervation)

Radial nerve

Biceps brachii (origin)

supraglenoid tubercle

Biceps brachii (insertion)

Ulnar and radial tuberosities

Biceps brachii (action)

Flex elbow, extend shoulder

Biceps brachii (innervation)

musculocutaneous nerve

Biceps brachii (arterial supply)

Superficial brachial artery, cranial circumflex humeral artery

Brachialis (origin)

Proximal 1/3 of lateral humerus

Brachialis (insertion)

Ulnar and radial tuberosities

Brachialis (action)

Flex elbow joint

Brachialis (innervation)

musculocutaneous nerve

Brachialis (arterial supply)

Brachial artery

Extensor carpi radialis (origin)

lateral supracondylar crest

Extensor carpi radialis (insertion)

Dorsal surface base of metacarpals 2 and 3

Extensor carpi radialis (action)

Extend carpal joints

Extensor carpi radialis (innervation)

Radial nerve

Extensor carpi radialis (arterial supply)

Cranial interosseous artery

Common digital extensor (origin)

Lateral epicondyle

Common digital extensor (insertion)

Extensor processes of distal phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5

Common digital extensor (action)

extend joints of four principal digits and carpus

Common digital extensor (innervation)

Radial nerve

Common digital extensor (arterial supply)

Cranial interosseous artery

Lateral digital extensor (origin)

lateral epicondyle

Lateral digital extensor (insertion)

Proximal ends of all phalanges 3, 4, and 5

Lateral digital extensor (action)

extend the carpal joints of carpus and digits 3, 4, and 5

Lateral digital extensor (innervation)

Radial nerve

Lateral digital extensor (arterial supply)

Cranial interosseous artery

Extensor carpi ulnaris (origin)

lateral epicondyle

Extensor carpi ulnaris (insertion)

proximal end (lateral aspect) metacarpal 5, accessory carpal bone

Extensor carpi ulnaris (action)

Abduct manus and flex carpal joints, support

Extensor carpi ulnaris (innervation)

radial nerve

Extensor carpi ulnaris (arterial supply)

Cranial interosseous artery

Supinator (origin)

lateral epicondyle

Supinator (insertion)

Cranial surface of proximal 1/4 of radius

Supinator (action)

rotate forearm laterally, supination, flex elbow joint

Supinator (innervation)

Radial nerve

Supinator (arterial supply)

cranial interosseous artery

Abductor digit 1 longus (origin)

lateral border and cranial surface of ulna body; interosseous membrane

Abductor digit 1 longus (insertion)

Proximal end of metacarpal 1

Abductor digit 1 longus (action)

Extend or abduct digit 1, extend carpal joints; medial deviation of manus

Abductor digit 1 longus (innervation)

Radial nerve

Abductor digit 1 longus (arterial supply)

Cranial interosseous artery

Pronator teres (origin)

Medial epicondyle

Pronator teres (insertion)

Medial border of radius between proximal and middle 1/3

Pronator teres (action)

rotate forearm medially, pronation, flex elbow

Pronator teres (innervation)

Median nerve

Pronator teres (arterial supply)

Caudal interosseous artery

Flexor carpi radialis (origin)

medial epicondyle, medial border of radius

Flexor carpi radialis (insertion)

Palmar side base of metacarpals 2 and 3

Flexor carpi radialis (action)

flex carpal joints

Flexor carpi radialis (innervation)

median nerve

Flexor carpi radialis (arterial supply)

common interosseous artery, deep antebrachial artery

Superficial digital flexor (origin)

medial epicondyle

Superficial digital flexor (insertion)

palmar base of middle phalanges 2, 3, 4, and 5